Clinical Studies (6op)

Osaamistavoitteet (Opintojakso)

Anatomy and Physiology
The student
- knows the structure and function of the digestive system and the urinary tract, as well as the fluid balance and acid-base balance of the body
- knows the structure and function of the nervous system
- knows regulation of metabolism
- knows the structure and importance of the skin in thermoregulation and maintaining fluid balance, as well as for physical and immunological defense of the body and as a sensory organ

Clinical Physiology
The student
- knows the clinical-physiological methods for investigating the most common diseases

Internal Medicine, Pathology and Oncology
- knows basic information concerning the prevalence of diseases
- knows and is able to recognize the symptoms of diseases and knows what tests are planned based on them
- knows the significance of research findings in patient care and follow-up at different stages of the disease
- knows the treatments of diseases and is familiar with the stages of disease

Sisältö (Opintojakso)

Anatomy and Physiology
- digestive system and its function
- liver and its function
- nervous system and its function
- hormones and their function
- urinary tract system and its function
- skin and its functions

Clinical Physiology
- clinical-physiological studies

Internal Medicine, Pathology and Oncology
- cardiovascular diseases and the basis of their origins
- lung diseases and their pathophysiology
- endocrinology and kidney diseases
- gastroenterology
- acute neurology
- chronic neurological diseases and palliative care

Arviointikriteerit, tyydyttävä (1-2) (Opintojakso)

Anatomy and Physiology
The student
- recognizes in part the structure and function of the human body

Internal Medicine, Pathology and Oncology
The student
- knows the basic causes of disease, its prevalence, symptoms and tests and their results, as well as the treatment methods and disease monitoring for the most common diseases involving internal medicine

Arviointikriteerit, hyvä (3-4) (Opintojakso)

Anatomy and Physiology
The student
- knows the structure and function of the human body and is able to describe the connections between the functions

Internal Medicine, Pathology and Oncology
The student
- is able to explain the links between the causes of disease, symptoms, tests and their results, as well as the interventions of treatment and follow-up for the most common diseases involving internal medicine
- is also able to apply some of his / her knowledge of the above in the comprehensive treatment of the patient.

Arviointikriteerit, kiitettävä (5) (Opintojakso)

Anatomy and Physiology
The student
- is able to describe the structure and functioning of the human body logically and in depth, thereby showing the capability to manage holistic care

Internal Medicine, Pathology and Oncology
The student
- is able to apply his/her knowledge of the original causes of disease, its prevalence, symptoms and tests and their results, as well as intervention methods and disease monitoring in the most common internal medical specialties in the comprehensive care of the patient at the level required by his/her studies.

Arviointikriteerit, hyväksytty/hylätty (Opintojakso)

Clinical Physiology
Pass
The student
- knows the main clinical-physiological examination methods for diseases
Fail
The student
- does not know the main clinical-physiological examination methods for diseases

Tenttien ja uusintatenttien ajankohdat

CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY
Exam in Moodle via course 7Q00EZ83 Clinical Studies

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INTERNAL MEDICINE, PATHOLOGY, ONCOLOGY
Exam 1 including cardiac diseases, circulatory diseases, respiratory diseases and endocrinology will not be held 29th of April 2021 and will not be on written on paper but taken on Tenttiterraario (exam) due to the COVID19-restrictions and the exam period is from the 20th of April to the 5th of May. The first re-take is between the 10th of May and the 29the of May and the second re-take is from the 9th of August to the 12th of December2021
Possible re-takes will be held in Tenttiterraario before the 12th of December 2021
Exam 2 including pathology, oncology and internal medicine part 2 (gastroenterology and neurology) the exam period is from the 12th of May to the 29th of May in Tenttiterraario.
Possible re-takes will be held in Tenttiterraario from the 9th of August to the 12th of December 2021.

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Moodle exam open: 22.2.2021 - 28.2.2021
1.retake: 22.3.2021 - 28.3.2021
2.retake: 19.4.2021 - 25.4.2021

Arviointimenetelmät ja arvioinnin perusteet

INTERNAL MEDICINE, PATHOLOGY, ONCOLOGY
Time reserved for answering in both exams is 90 minutes. Evaluation is numeric (0-5).
CONDITIONS FOR OBTAINING APPROVAL
The basic prerequisite is that the student does not describe any function or treatment or show lack of knowledge that would harm the patient, endanger the patients health or life in any way or the student does not use incorrect terminology, which could lead to the before mentioned situations.
The minimum score for the approved performance is 50% of the maximum points of the exam.
Grades will be formed by counting the percentage of the maximum points as follows:
Grade 1 = 50-59%, Grade 2 = 60-69%, Grade 3 = 70-79%, Grade 4 = 80-89%, Grade 5 = 90-100%.
The student shall obtain at least 50% of the maximum points of each question.
The total grade of the course will be the average of the two exams.

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
The assessment is based on a written examination. Numerical evaluation (0-5).
Grade 1 requires 60% of the maximum points.

Arviointiasteikko

0-5

Opiskelumuodot ja opetusmenetelmät

CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY 0,5 ECTS
Contact hours, which are reinforced with online course and with independent tasks. Teaching and learning methods are Flipped Classroom (=Independent studying according to given questions and tasks before attending the contact hours, contact hours and independent learning after the contact hours), Case Based Learning connecting theory into practice (examples of patents undergoing clinical-physiological examinations) and Constructive Learning (the student builds the new information and knowledge on the basis achieved in previous courses).

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INTERNAL MEDICINE, PATHOLOGY,ONCOLOGY 3,0 ECTS
Flipped learning, Case Based Learning and Constructive learning as above: Independent studying according to given questions and tasks before attending the contact hours, during the contact hours and after them.


ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2,5 ECTS
Online course, lectures via Zoom, independent work and group work

Oppimateriaalit

INTERNAL MEDICINE
Harrison's principles of internal medicine
Fauci, Anthony S., Hauser, Stephen L., Jameson, J. Larry, Kasper, Dennis L., Longo, Dan L., Loscalzo, Joseph, McGraw Hill Education ©2015. 19th edition
or other textbook pointed during the course
Moodle material, course: 7Q00EZ83 Clinical Studies, key CS2020
________________

PATHOLOGY
Kumar, Vinay, MBBS, MD, FRCPath; Abbas, Abul K., MBBS; Aster, Jon C., MD, PhD
Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease, Ninth Edition, e-book access via TAMK library.
______________

CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY
Hall, John E., PhD: Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, Thirteenth Edition, e-book, access via TAMK library


ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Text books:
Moore K.L., Dalley A.F., Agur A.M.R.:
Clinically Oriented Anatomy
Wolters Kluwer / Lippincott Williams et Wilkins
7th Edition, online access and free down load
--
Drake R.L., Vogl W., Mitchell A.W.M.:
Gray's Anatomy for Students
Elsevier
4th Edition, online access and free download
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Tortora G.J., Derrickson B.H.
Principles of Anatomy and Physiology
John Wiley et Sons Inc
14th Edition
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Thibodeau G.A., Patton K.T.
Structure et Function of the Body
Elsevier
15th Edition online access and free download

Material in Moodle: Clinical studies A&F 20Nurse, key AF2021

Opiskelijan ajankäyttö ja kuormitus

The course Clinical Studies consist of 6 ECTS each meaning 27 hours for the student to study. The total course studying time is 162 hours. Contact hours will be held 6 hours / one ECTS.

Sisällön jaksotus

CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY
- will be studied during week 13-22
INTERNAL MEDICINE, PATHOLOGY, ONCOLOGY
- will be studied during weeks 13-22
Heart and circulation
- coronary artery disease, pathology and genetics
- hypertension, cardiac insufficiency, atrial fibrillation
Respiratory diseases
- asthma
- COPD
- pulmonary embolism
- respiratory infections
- pathology of infections
- acute breathing difficulties
Endocrinology
- diabetes
- diseases of the thyroid
- diseases of the adrenal glands
Exam 1
Nephrology (independent studying)
- acute kidney insufficiency and chronic renal disorders
- urinary tract infections
Gastroenterology and Oncology (genetics of cancer)
- GERD
- IBD, IBS
- hepatic diseases
Neurology
- acute neurology
- chronic neurological diseases
Pathology
- the main causes of diseases
- development and healing of cell and tissue damage
- body response to damage: inflammatory reaction
- the effects of aging on the body
- basics of pharmacogenetics
Oncology
Cancers, genetics
- how cancer develops
- different types of cancer and their treatment criteria
- lymphomas
- leukemia
- basics of palliative care
- principles of terminal care
Exam, part 2

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
- digestive system and its function
- liver and its function
- nervous system and its function
- hormones and their function
- urinary tract system and its function
- skin and its functions (independently)

Lisätietoja opiskelijoille

ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY:
Content and content-specific goals:
-structure and function of the digestive system: The student knows the parts of the digestive system and their structure. The student can explain the breakdown, absorption, transport and storage of nutrients. The student knows the function of liver. The student understands, how the digestive system is regulated by the autonomic nervous system and hormones.
-structure and function of the urinary system, body fluid balance, acid-base balance: The student recognizes the parts of the urinary tract and knows their structure. The student is able to explain the function of the nephron and understands the significance of urinary excretion for fluid and electrolyte balance and pH.
-structure and function of the nervous system: the student knows the operation of the nerve cell. The student can explain what the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system and the autonomous nervous system are. The student understands the significance of the nervous system, knows the anatomy of the brain and understands how the cerebrospinal fluid is formed and circulated.
-regulation of the metabolism: The student knows the most important endocrine glands, the hormones produced by them and their response. The student understands the effect between the endocrine glands and the biological feedback which maintains the hormonal balance.
-The skin is studied independently. The student knows the structure and importance of the skin in thermoregulation and maintaining fluid balance, as well as for physical and immunological defense of the body and as a sensory organ. The student knows the role of the skin in secretion and in the synthesis of vitamin D.

Arviointikriteerit - hylätty (0) (Ei käytössä, kts Opintojakson Arviointikriteerit ylempänä)

INTERNAL MEDICINE, PATHOLOGY, ONCOLOGY
Time reserved for answering to each of the exams is 90 minutes. Evaluation is numeric (0-5).
CONDITIONS FOR OBTAINING APPROVAL
The basic prerequisite is that the student does not describe any function or treatment or show lack of knowledge that would harm the patient, endanger the patients health or life in any way or the student does not use incorrect terminology, which could lead to the before mentioned situations.
The minimum score for the approved performance is 50% of the maximum points of the exam and 50% of the maximum points of the exam or 50% in all of the answers of the exam.
0, rejected
The student shall obtain at least 50% of the maximum points of each question.
The total grade of the course will be the average of the two exams.
The student describes some function or treatment or shows lack of knowledge that would harm the patient, endanger the patients health or life in any way or the student does not use incorrect terminology, which could lead to the before mentioned situations.
The student does not reach the minimum score for the approved performance which is 50% of the maximum points of the exam or 50% in all of the answers of the exam.

Arviointikriteerit - tyydyttävä (1-2) (Ei käytössä, kts Opintojakson Arviointikriteerit ylempänä)

INTERNAL MEDICINE, PATHOLOGY, ONCOLOGY
The student
- knows the basic causes of diseases, their prevalence, symptoms and examinations and their findings, as well as the treatment methods and disease monitoring for the most common diseases involving internal medicine.
- is able to identify the symptoms of the most common internal diseases
- names the most common internal medicine studies and their findings
- identifies therapies and follow-up for the treatment of the most common internal diseases
- names the genetic factors of the most common diseases
- defines the mechanisms of action of radiotherapy and chemotherapy
- names the mechanisms of action of antimicrobials in pharmacology
- identifies the main pharmacogenetic factors
- identifies the main causes of diseases
- identifies the principles of the origin, growth and spread of cancer
- defines general principles and forms of treatment for cancer
- identifies the symptoms, examinations and findings of lymphomas and leukemias, as well as the rationale for treatment
Level 1 achieves 50-59% of the maximum exam score
Level 2 achieves 60-69% of the maximum exam score

Arviointikriteerit - hyvä (3-4) (Ei käytössä, kts Opintojakson Arviointikriteerit ylempänä)

INTERNAL MEDICINE , PATHOLOGY, ONCOLOGY
The student
- identifies the symptoms of the most common internal diseases and be able to name studies of the most common internal diseases and explain their findings
- explains the treatment and follow-up of the most common internal medicine treatments
- justifies the effects of the genetic factors of the most common diseases on the treatment of the disease
- justifies the mechanisms of action of radiotherapy and chemotherapy and the principles of treatment choice
- justifies the choice of treatment in pharmacology on the basis of the mechanisms of action of antimicrobials
- explains the main causes of diseases
- explains the principles of the origin, growth and spread of cancer in relation to general principles and forms of treatment for cancer
- explains the symptoms, examinations and findings of lymphomas and leukemias, as well as the grounds for treatment in relation to the nature of the disease and the patient's condition
Level 3 achieves 70-79% of the maximum exam score
Level 4 achieves 80-89% of the maximum exam score

Arviointikriteerit - kiitettävä (5) (Ei käytössä, kts Opintojakson Arviointikriteerit ylempänä)

INTERNAL MEDICINE, PATHOLOGY, ONCOLOGY
The student
- is able to apply his/her knowledge of the original causes of disease, its prevalence, symptoms and tests and their results, as well as intervention methods and disease monitoring in the most common internal medical specialties in the comprehensive care of the patient at the level required by his/her studies.
- comprehensively understands the symptoms of the most common internal diseases, is able to name examinations in case of the most common internal diseases and explain their findings, combining them with the treatment and monitoring of the most common internal diseases in a multidisciplinary working community
- analyzes and justifies the mechanisms of action of radiotherapy and chemotherapy and the principles of treatment selection on the basis of the information obtained in the study of pathology and cancer
- combines his or her knowledge in pharmacology based on the mechanisms of action of antimicrobials with treatment selection criteria and in pharmacogenetics with the need for pharmacovigilance
- explains the main causes of diseases
- explains the principles of the origin, growth and spread of cancer in relation to general principles and forms of treatment for cancer
- explains the symptoms, examinations and findings of lymphomas and leukemias, as well as the principles for treatment in relation to the nature of the disease and the patient's condition
Level 5 achievs 90-100% of the total exam score.

Arviointikriteerit - hyväksytty/hylätty (Ei käytössä, kts Opintojakson Arviointikriteerit ylempänä)

CLINICAL PHYSIOLOGY
Pass
The student knows the main clinical-physiological examination methods for diseases and achieves 70% of the maximum points of the Moodle tests.
Fail
The student does not know the main clinical-physiological examination methods, is not able to guide the client/patient during the tests and the points in the Moodle tests are 69.9 or less of the maximum score.