Basic RF Measurements (5op)

Osaamistavoitteet

After completing the course, the student is able to measure one-, two-, and multiport RF blocks. The student interprets the measurement results and estimates the uncertainty associated with the results. The student is familiar with network analyser calibration and the uncertainty of measurement equipment. The student is able to measure the linear behaviour (S parameters) of RF blocks as a function of frequency, and to plan these measurements. The student knows the most important nonlinear measurements and can measure nonlinear behaviour at one frequency at a time. After completing the course, the student is able to measure with spectrum and network analysers without supervision. The student can be left alone in the RF laboratory to make measurements.

Sisältö

YdinsisältöSpectrum analyzers: Block diagram. Measurements. Functions of different measurement parameters. Signal generators: proper and safe use in measurements.Network analyzers: Block diagram of a scalar and vector NA. Measurements, frequency sweeps. Calibration using the different methods. Impedance matching and interpreting the results of mismatching. Antenna parameters: gain, bandwidth, radiation and  far-field.Noise: Noise figure, noise factor, noise temperature. Automatic noise measurement instruments.  Measuring using the Y-factor method. Passive components: cables, connectors, adapters, attenuators, loads, and directional couplers. Proper use of connectors.Measurement of linear network characteristics (S parameters).Measurement of nonlinear network characteristics: gain compression, harmonic distortion and intermodulation.Täydentävä tietämysDifferent types of signal generators and spectrum analyzers. Calibrating spectrum analyzer measurements. Errors in spectrum analysis. Power sweeps. Different calibration methods. Error model. Measurements with directional coupler.The effects of reflections on measurement results. Reflectivity level. Measurement ranges. Noise measurements using the spectrum analyzer method. Noise bandwidth. Noise generators.ErityistietämysScalar S parameter measurements using a spectrum analyzer.Network analyzer as a signal generator.Error sources in spectrum analyzer measurementsNoise measurements using the signal generator method.

Esitietovaatimukset

A student should be familiar, at least in general level, with the basic parameters of RF measurement concepts such as scattering matrix and impedance matching.It is strongly recommended to study this course together with the Communication Systems Laboratory course COMM.SYS.800, in which the measurement methods are studied in practice.

Lisätiedot

It is strongly recommended to study this course together with the Communication Systems Laboratory course COMM.SYS.800, in which the measurement methods are studied in practice.