Study Guide

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- use project work skills when participating in research and development projects
- apply the evidence-based knowledge in practical work
- use language skills and communicative skills required in their profession
- operate in international working environments with the objectives required by their studies
- participate in professional discussions in working life and in a seminar, which will be a part of the study module

Content (course unit)

Written report on a subject chosen by the student.

Prerequisites (course unit)

-

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student writes the report on the vocational subject and presents the work in the seminar.
Participation in the seminars is a precondition for an approved performance.

Assessment scale

Pass/Fail

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- knows the basic ethical values in social and health care
- knows the principles of sustainable development
- knows the professional ethical guidelines, principles and legislation of the future profession
- is aware of his/her own values and starting points, raises professional ethical perspectives and engages in professional ethical dialogue
- acts collegially and takes responsibility for her/his professional development
- acts as required by data protection regulations and ethical guidelines and policies of the field
- acts according to the principles of intrapreneurship in his/her studies and projects
- knows international activities of the field and participates in international studies and events

Content (course unit)

Concepts and theoretical starting points of ethics
Different concepts of humankind, human rights, age ethics and equality
Professional ethical principles of Biomedical Laboratory Scientist
Legislation in health care client work
Principles of sustainable development
Intrapreneurship
Own professional development
Internationalization in Biomedical Laboratory Science
Career direction
Alumnus activity
Basics of project work and implementation of different projects

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student is able to analyse and evaluate the ethical decision making and operating methods according to the individual needs of the client. The student is able to apply the ethical guidelines and operating principles of his or her professional field and profession in his/her decisions and actions. The student evaluates his/her professional development. The student takes an active part in projects and international activities.

Assessment scale

Pass/Fail

Objectives (course unit)

Part 1 Basics of analysis techniques
The student
- knows the operating principles, measuring methods and areas of application of the measuring devices used in clinical laboratory
- knows the basic principles related to the preparation, preservation and use of reagents, calibrators/constants and controls
- knows factors affecting the measurement quality and common sources of error
- can explain the principles and practical use of the measuring devices used in the teaching
- learns how to work in a supervised small group and to pay attention to their own and others’ occupational safety and ergonomics

Part 2. Basics of automation and sample logistics
The student
- knows the basics of automation
- gets an idea of different clinical laboratory automation solutions
- knows the operational environment of an automated laboratory
- can explain the meaning of sample logistics and how automation affects its operation

Content (course unit)

Part 1. Analysis techniques
Note: The use and measuring principle of a spectrophotometer are covered in a preliminary manner

-practical course of general laboratory practice and occupational safety
-preparation, storage and use of reagents
-reactions between the measured substance and the reagent
-calibration, control and quality management of the instruments and methods
-operating principles and sources of error in measuring instruments
-end point and kinetic measurement
-applications in clinical laboratory and special analytics; photometry measurements, potentiometric, amperometric and other electrochemical measurements
-integrations of different methods in basic analysers of chemistry and hematology
- basic concepts of flow cytometry, chromatography and mass spectrometer analysis techniques, principles and applications
-exercises in small groups, in a clinical laboratory environment and working in a small group

Part 2. Basics of automation and sample logistics
Basics of automation and fully automated clinical laboratory environment
Use of automatic analysers in analysis in clinical laboratories
Sample logistics

Further information (course unit)

Student has acceptably completed Practical course of general laboratory practice 7B00EG12 study module.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

Part 1.
The student
- can name the operating principles and measuring methods of the more common measuring devices.
- can list some preanalytical and analytical error factors that interfere with measurements.
- needs significant guidance and support in exercises.
- pays attention to occupational safety while working in the teaching laboratory and follows given work instructions but cannot justify his/her activities.
- works within the group and gives and receives feedback.

Part 2.
The student
- knows the key concepts of the automation line and can name some of its parts.
- recognizes the importance of preanalytics and sample logistics in automation and mass production as a basis for quality.
- The written report follows the TAMK thesis reporting guidelines in general but contains many shortcomings.
- The student's reflection is repetitive
- The work has been returned within the deadline.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

Part 1.
The student
- can explain the operating principles and measuring methods of the more common measuring devices.
- can list the most important preanalytical and analytical error factors that interfere with measurements and can explain their effects.
- can perform laboratory exercises under guidance.
- pays attention to occupational safety while working in the teaching laboratory, follows given work instructions and can justify his/her activities.
- works responsibly within the group and can give and receive feedback actively and constructively.

Part 2.
The student is able
- to explain the key concepts of laboratory automation.
- to describe different automation solutions and their differences.
- to justify the importance of preanalytics and sample logistics in automation and mass production as a basis for quality.
- to present a reflective and critical perspective on a given topic.
Finnish and international articles have been used as sources. The report is mainly written in accordance with TAMK's thesis reporting guidelines. The work has been returned within the deadline.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

Part 1.
The student
- analyses the differences of the operating principles and measuring methods of more common measuring devices.
- can list preanalytical and analytical error factors that interfere with measurements and can explain their effect mechanisms.
- performs laboratory exercises independently, relying on given instructions and verifies issues with the teacher when necessary.
- pays attention to occupational safety while working in the teaching laboratory, follows given work instructions and can justify his/her activities.
- works constructively and responsibly within the group, gives and receives feedback actively.

Part 2.
The student is able
- to explain the key concepts of laboratory automation and various automation solutions.
- to analytically justify the importance of preanalytics and sample logistics in automation and mass production as a basis for quality.
- to present a reflective and critical perspective on a given topic, broadening his/her understanding of the subject.
Several Finnish and international articles have been used as sources. The report is written in accordance with TAMK's thesis reporting guidelines using a formal writing style. The work has been returned within the deadline.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

Student is able to
- name and locate organs
- explain the structure and function of organs and organ systems and their significance to the human body function
- explain the regulation mechanisms of body functions
- define and use anatomical and physiological terms
- utilize and apply the knowledge basis acquired in anatomy and physiology studies to further studies in different fields of bioanalytical science

Content (course unit)

The structure and function of cardiovascular, respiratory, gastrointestinal and urinary systems
Reproduction
Regulation systems of the human body: fluid balance and homeostasis, neural and hormonal regulation
Main features of the blood and immune system, structure and function of the musculoskeletal system and sensory system

Prerequisites (course unit)

-

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to name and locate the organs, and explain their basic structure. The student is able to describe the basic functions of organs and organ systems. The student is able to describe the body's regulatory mechanisms on a general level. The student understands and is able to use the basic terminology of anatomy and physiology that is most relevant for biomedical laboratory technologists.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The students is able to name and locate organs. The student is able to describe the structure and function of the organs well and can tell about the importance of organs and organ systems for the functioning of the human body. The student is able to describe the body's regulatory mechanisms in a variety of ways. The student is able to define and use the terms of anatomy and physiology that are most relevant for biomedical laboratory technologists.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student is able to name and locate organs. The student is able to describe the structure of the organs in detail and can explain the functions of the organs and organ systems in a variety of ways. The student has a good overall picture of the structure and function of the body and of the interaction and significance of the various organ systems in the overall context. The student is able to describe the body's regulatory mechanisms in detail. The student is able to define and use concepts related to anatomy and physiology in a versatile way.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Location and time

Autumn term

Exam schedules

The course includes 2 tests.
Timetable: tests on 12.10. and 27.11.
Retests in Exam-system by the end of 4ht period 2023.

Assessment methods and criteria

Both tests must be passed. Active participation and assignments can have an uplifting effect on the grade.

Assessment scale

0-5

Teaching methods

Lectures
Assignments
Exams

Learning materials

Lecture material, e-learning material.
Text books. Choose from the following:
1.Bjålie, J.G. Haug, E. Sand, O. Sjaastad O.V. & Toverud, K.C. 1999 or 2011 or newer. IHMINEN. FYSIOLOGIA JA ANATOMIA. Juva WSOY
2.Bjålie, J.G. Haug, E. Sand, O. Sjaastad O.V. & Toverud, K.C. IHMISEN FYSIOLOGIA and Budowick, M. Bjålie, J.G. Rolstad, B. & Toverud, K.C. ANATOMIAN ATLAS
3.Tortora & Derrickson. Principles of anatomy and physiology. Harper Collins Publishers
4. Leppäluoto Juhani – Kettunen Raimo – Rintamäki Hannu – Vakkuri Olli. ANATOMIA JA FYSIOLOGIA. RAKENTEESTA TOIMINTAAN. WSOY. 1. ed. 2008 or newer.

Student workload

40 h contact lessons, 68 h independent work.

Content scheduling

1st part: Body: cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, homeostasis and body fluids, skin, blood and blood cells, basics of immune system, circulatory system, respiratory system.
2nd part: Digestive system, urinary system, reproduction, hormonal and neuronal regulation
As an independent work the musculoskeletal system, the senses

Practical training and working life cooperation

-

International connections

-

Objectives (course unit)

The student will
- know the symptoms and development of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- know the most important laboratory tests used in the diagnosis of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- know the most important laboratory tests used in the treatment of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- know the most important findings in cell morphology based on their pathophysiological classification
- know the classification of the most common malignant blood diseases and learn to relate findings to specific diseases
- be able to assess the key factors that affect the reliability of haematological laboratory tests

Content (course unit)

The most common anaemias and malignant blood diseases in Finland
Red cell morphology
Microscopic identification of pathological blood cells
Quality assessment for haematological diagnostics

Prerequisites (course unit)

Introduction to Haematology and Basic Tests 7B00EG18 and Automation in Clinical Haematology Work and examination of Haemostasis 7B00EG20 must be completed before attending the course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes training in the university of applied sciences’ teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student
- can explain the mechanisms and symptoms of the most common anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the laboratory tests used in diagnostics of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- is able to report basic findings of red cell morphology
- is able to distinguish between normal and abnormal cell morphology in blood smear
- knows the key factors affecting the reliability of results

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student
- can explain the mechanisms and symptoms of the most common anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the laboratory tests used in diagnostics of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the criteria for morphological classification
- is able to distinguish abnormal cell morphology in blood smear
- is able to evaluate key factors affecting the reliability of haematological findings

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student
- can explain the mechanisms, symptoms and pathophysiological classification of the most common anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the laboratory tests used in diagnostics of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the criteria for morphological classification
- can report the basic findings of red cell morphology and is able to relate the findings to haematological diseases
- is able to distinguish and name the abnormal findings of cell morphology and immature cells, and knows how to relate the knowledge to haematological disease diagnosis
- knows the relevance of immunophenotyping and cytogenetic research
- is able to evaluate key factors affecting the reliability of haematological findings

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student will
- know the symptoms and development of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- know the most important laboratory tests used in the diagnosis of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- know the most important laboratory tests used in the treatment of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- know the most important findings in cell morphology based on their pathophysiological classification
- know the classification of the most common malignant blood diseases and learn to relate findings to specific diseases
- be able to assess the key factors that affect the reliability of haematological laboratory tests

Content (course unit)

The most common anaemias and malignant blood diseases in Finland
Red cell morphology
Microscopic identification of pathological blood cells
Quality assessment for haematological diagnostics

Prerequisites (course unit)

Introduction to Haematology and Basic Tests 7B00EG18 and Automation in Clinical Haematology Work and examination of Haemostasis 7B00EG20 must be completed before attending the course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes training in the university of applied sciences’ teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student
- can explain the mechanisms and symptoms of the most common anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the laboratory tests used in diagnostics of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- is able to report basic findings of red cell morphology
- is able to distinguish between normal and abnormal cell morphology in blood smear
- knows the key factors affecting the reliability of results

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student
- can explain the mechanisms and symptoms of the most common anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the laboratory tests used in diagnostics of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the criteria for morphological classification
- is able to distinguish abnormal cell morphology in blood smear
- is able to evaluate key factors affecting the reliability of haematological findings

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student
- can explain the mechanisms, symptoms and pathophysiological classification of the most common anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the laboratory tests used in diagnostics of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the criteria for morphological classification
- can report the basic findings of red cell morphology and is able to relate the findings to haematological diseases
- is able to distinguish and name the abnormal findings of cell morphology and immature cells, and knows how to relate the knowledge to haematological disease diagnosis
- knows the relevance of immunophenotyping and cytogenetic research
- is able to evaluate key factors affecting the reliability of haematological findings

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student will
- know the symptoms and development of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- know the most important laboratory tests used in the diagnosis of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- know the most important laboratory tests used in the treatment of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- know the most important findings in cell morphology based on their pathophysiological classification
- know the classification of the most common malignant blood diseases and learn to relate findings to specific diseases
- be able to assess the key factors that affect the reliability of haematological laboratory tests

Content (course unit)

The most common anaemias and malignant blood diseases in Finland
Red cell morphology
Microscopic identification of pathological blood cells
Quality assessment for haematological diagnostics

Prerequisites (course unit)

Introduction to Haematology and Basic Tests 7B00EG18 and Automation in Clinical Haematology Work and examination of Haemostasis 7B00EG20 must be completed before attending the course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes training in the university of applied sciences’ teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student
- can explain the mechanisms and symptoms of the most common anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the laboratory tests used in diagnostics of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- is able to report basic findings of red cell morphology
- is able to distinguish between normal and abnormal cell morphology in blood smear
- knows the key factors affecting the reliability of results

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student
- can explain the mechanisms and symptoms of the most common anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the laboratory tests used in diagnostics of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the criteria for morphological classification
- is able to distinguish abnormal cell morphology in blood smear
- is able to evaluate key factors affecting the reliability of haematological findings

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student
- can explain the mechanisms, symptoms and pathophysiological classification of the most common anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the laboratory tests used in diagnostics of anaemias and malignant blood diseases
- knows the criteria for morphological classification
- can report the basic findings of red cell morphology and is able to relate the findings to haematological diseases
- is able to distinguish and name the abnormal findings of cell morphology and immature cells, and knows how to relate the knowledge to haematological disease diagnosis
- knows the relevance of immunophenotyping and cytogenetic research
- is able to evaluate key factors affecting the reliability of haematological findings

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- recognizes their own ways of interacting and their own strengths and developmental needs in different interaction and guidance situations
- knows the principles of good customer service and endeavours to act according to customer-oriented service principles
- acts constructively and responsibly in professional interaction situations
- recognizes the teaching and guidance needs of clients, patients and multi-professional team members
- is able to plan, implement and evaluate counselling, teaching, and guidance
- is able to plan and produce materials needed for guidance
- is able to evaluate his/her customer service and guidance skills and tries to develop his/her operations

Content (course unit)

Professional interaction and acting in a work community
Good client service and customer-oriented service principles
Respectful encounter with a client and communication in challenging interaction situations
Client and user-oriented guidance and instruction material
Planning, implementation and evaluation of education or guidance events
Providing and receiving feedback and evaluation

Further information (course unit)

The course must be completed before the first year of supervised practice.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student
- strives to act in accordance with customer-oriented and good service principles
- is able to guide clients and other health care personnel at different stages of the laboratory research process using different source materials
- is able to evaluate his/her own customer service and guidance skills in some respects and tries to develop in his/her operations
- participates in teamwork
- has limited self-assessment and peer review skills

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student
- works according to customer-oriented and good service principles
- is able to guide clients and other health care personnel at different stages of the laboratory research process
- is able to evaluate and develop his/her own customer service and guidance skills
- is able to produce guidance materials
- is able to contribute his/her know-how to the teamwork or projects
- performs self-assessment and peer review at a descriptive level

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student
- is able to act in a customer-oriented manner, depending on the situation, and to implement good service principles.
- is able to guide customers and other health care personnel clearly and in a customer-oriented way at different stages of the laboratory research process.
- considers and assesses his/her own customer service and guidance skills and develops them.
- is able to produce effective guidance materials
- is able to contribute his/her know-how to the teamwork or projects and to inspire other students
- can evaluate his/her know-how in a wide variety of ways
- can give feedback to other students of the small group constructively

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- is able to collect representative bacteriological samples safely and reliably and to supervise other people in collecting the samples
- knows the preanalytical requirements and clinical relevance of bacteriological samples
- is able to consider and ensure the validity of bacteriological samples
- is familiar with the devices, equipment, and analytical methods used in bacteriology
- is able to perform reliable basic bacteriology analyses and understands the fundamentals of their operation
- can maintain and promote safe working methods in bacteriology
- knows microbes, infectious diseases and their prevention and treatment and is able to integrate this knowledge in evaluating and reporting results
- knows the most common antimicrobics, and their influence and resistance mechanisms
- is familiar with the reporting and registration practice of infectious diseases
- implements and promotes quality assurance in clinical microbiology
- is interested in developing his/her competence

Content (course unit)

Analytical process in bacteriological laboratory, devices, equipment, and analytical methods
Collection and preanalytics of bacteriological samples
Identification methods of bacteria and their selection
Safety and quality assurance in bacteriology
Reporting and registration of infectious diseases
Clinical relevance of bacteriological findings
Antimicrobics, their influence and resistance mechanisms

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed Introduction to Clinical Microbiology 7B00EG26 before the course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes clinical training in the university of applied sciences' teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student
- can identify preanalytical requirements for clinical microbiology samples and knows the most common sample collections, equipment and basic tests
- can collect basic samples of clinical bacteriology safely, following instructions
- is able to conduct basic clinical bacteriology analysis in accordance with the instructions
- is able to identify the most common bacteria macroscopically and to select further tests if necessary
- is able to define the principles of bacteriological diagnostic methods and the criteria for method selection as well as the clinical significance of the studies
- is able to define some principles of quality control of methods and to identify occupational safety factors
- prepares for practice lessons / assignments
- takes responsibility for his/her own performance and participates in teamwork
- participates in the tasks assigned to the group and identifies important practices in their field
- receives feedback

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student
- can explain the preanalytical requirements for clinical microbiology samples, the most common sample collections, equipment and basic tests
- can collect basic samples of clinical bacteriology reliably and safely and can guide others in sample collection
- conducts the basic clinical microbiology studies safely and applies the acquired knowledge in performing the tests
- is able to identify bacteria macroscopically, select the necessary sequencing studies and justify their choice
- is familiar with the principles of bacteriological diagnostic methods, the criteria for method selection and the clinical significance of the studies
- can outline the quality management of the methods
- works carefully and reliably
- can apply and evaluate what they have learned and evaluate their performance
- takes responsibility and commits not only to his/her own activities but also to the group's activities
- gives and receives feedback and follows important industry practices

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student
- is able to understand and explain the preanalytical requirements for clinical microbiology samples, the most common sample collections, equipment and basic tests
- is able to collect samples of clinical bacteriology reliably and safely, can guide others in sample collection and can justify their choices
- conducts the basic clinical microbiology studies safely and reliably and applies the acquired knowledge in performing the tests
- is able to identify clinically significant bacteria macroscopically, select the necessary sequencing studies and evaluate various alternatives
- understands the principles of bacteriological diagnostic methods and criteria for method selection, as well as the clinical significance of the studies
- is able to evaluate and implement quality management of methods
- works carefully, systematically and reliably
- is able to explore different working methods and alternative solutions
- develops his/her own professional competence in a goal-oriented and versatile manner
- works responsibly, constructively and with commitment as a member of the group

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- is able to collect representative bacteriological samples safely and reliably and to supervise other people in collecting the samples
- knows the preanalytical requirements and clinical relevance of bacteriological samples
- is able to consider and ensure the validity of bacteriological samples
- is familiar with the devices, equipment, and analytical methods used in bacteriology
- is able to perform reliable basic bacteriology analyses and understands the fundamentals of their operation
- can maintain and promote safe working methods in bacteriology
- knows microbes, infectious diseases and their prevention and treatment and is able to integrate this knowledge in evaluating and reporting results
- knows the most common antimicrobics, and their influence and resistance mechanisms
- is familiar with the reporting and registration practice of infectious diseases
- implements and promotes quality assurance in clinical microbiology
- is interested in developing his/her competence

Content (course unit)

Analytical process in bacteriological laboratory, devices, equipment, and analytical methods
Collection and preanalytics of bacteriological samples
Identification methods of bacteria and their selection
Safety and quality assurance in bacteriology
Reporting and registration of infectious diseases
Clinical relevance of bacteriological findings
Antimicrobics, their influence and resistance mechanisms

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed Introduction to Clinical Microbiology 7B00EG26 before the course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes clinical training in the university of applied sciences' teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student
- can identify preanalytical requirements for clinical microbiology samples and knows the most common sample collections, equipment and basic tests
- can collect basic samples of clinical bacteriology safely, following instructions
- is able to conduct basic clinical bacteriology analysis in accordance with the instructions
- is able to identify the most common bacteria macroscopically and to select further tests if necessary
- is able to define the principles of bacteriological diagnostic methods and the criteria for method selection as well as the clinical significance of the studies
- is able to define some principles of quality control of methods and to identify occupational safety factors
- prepares for practice lessons / assignments
- takes responsibility for his/her own performance and participates in teamwork
- participates in the tasks assigned to the group and identifies important practices in their field
- receives feedback

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student
- can explain the preanalytical requirements for clinical microbiology samples, the most common sample collections, equipment and basic tests
- can collect basic samples of clinical bacteriology reliably and safely and can guide others in sample collection
- conducts the basic clinical microbiology studies safely and applies the acquired knowledge in performing the tests
- is able to identify bacteria macroscopically, select the necessary sequencing studies and justify their choice
- is familiar with the principles of bacteriological diagnostic methods, the criteria for method selection and the clinical significance of the studies
- can outline the quality management of the methods
- works carefully and reliably
- can apply and evaluate what they have learned and evaluate their performance
- takes responsibility and commits not only to his/her own activities but also to the group's activities
- gives and receives feedback and follows important industry practices

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student
- is able to understand and explain the preanalytical requirements for clinical microbiology samples, the most common sample collections, equipment and basic tests
- is able to collect samples of clinical bacteriology reliably and safely, can guide others in sample collection and can justify their choices
- conducts the basic clinical microbiology studies safely and reliably and applies the acquired knowledge in performing the tests
- is able to identify clinically significant bacteria macroscopically, select the necessary sequencing studies and evaluate various alternatives
- understands the principles of bacteriological diagnostic methods and criteria for method selection, as well as the clinical significance of the studies
- is able to evaluate and implement quality management of methods
- works carefully, systematically and reliably
- is able to explore different working methods and alternative solutions
- develops his/her own professional competence in a goal-oriented and versatile manner
- works responsibly, constructively and with commitment as a member of the group

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

Student is able to
- describe the essential features of cell structure, cell organelles and their function
- define the structure, characteristics and function of different biomolecules
- explain the basics of biochemical catalysis and enzymes
- describe the key features of cell metabolism
- describe the most important features of cell cycle, cell division, growth, differentiation and signalling

Content (course unit)

- Cell structure and evolution, cell metabolism, membrane structures and cytoskeleton
- Biomolecules and the most important biochemical compounds
- Enzymes
- Essential metabolism (mainly energy metabolism)
- Cell cycle, cell division, growth, differentiation and signalling

Prerequisites (course unit)

-

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to recognize and define the most important structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The student is able to recognize the different classes of biomolecules and knows their most important functions in cells. The student has a basic knowledge of how the genes regulate different cellular functions. The student knows the basic principles of cellular metabolism. The student knows the basics of the cell cycle, cell division and cell death. The student knows what the genome and the expression of genes mean.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student is able to describe the structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as cell organelles and their most important functions. The student is able to recognize and explain the different classes of biomolecules and knows their functions in cells. The student understands the central principles and mechanisms of the transfer of biological information. The student is able to explain the mechanism of enzyme function and central metabolic routes and knows their importance for the cells. The student knows the basics of
how the genome and expression of genes control cell activity.
The student has an overall picture of the cellular functions.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student is able to describe elaborately the structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as cell organelles and their functions. The student is able to describe the different reactions, structure and functions of biomolecules and is able to describe their significance for vital functions. The student can explain the principles, mechanisms, and factors affecting the transfer of biological information. The student knows the mechanism of enzyme function and regulation, central cellular metabolic routes and the factors affecting to them. The student is also able to evaluate their interactions. The student understands how the genome and expression of genes control cell activity.
The student has a good overall picture of the cellular functions.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Exam schedules

The course includes 3 exams.
Timetable: exam 1 4.12.2023, exam 2 xx.1.2024, exam 3 xx.2.2024.
Re-exams in Exam-system by the end of 4th period. The schedule will be set during the course.

Assessment methods and criteria

Exams (3 in total). The exams are graded 0-5.
Re-exams are arranged in Exam.

Assessment scale

0-5

Teaching methods

Lectures
Assignments
Exams

Learning materials

Lecture material
Heino, Jyrki, Vuento, Matti: Biokemia ja solubiologia. Ellibs. 2020.
Older editions can also be used.

Student workload

About 50 h contact lessons, 83 h independent work.

Content scheduling

Part 1 (1st exam): proteins, lipids, nucleic acids. Genetic information flow.
Part 2: carbohydrates, enzymes and cell metabolism.
Part 3: cell structure, organelles and their functions, cell cycle, cell division, cell death, cell differentiation and cell signalling.

Practical training and working life cooperation

-

International connections

-

Assessment criteria - satisfactory (1-2) (Not in use, Look at the Assessment criteria above)

The student is able to recognize and define the most important structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The student is able to recognize the different classes of biomolecules and knows their most important functions in cells. The student has a basic knowledge of how the genes regulate different cellular functions. The student knows the basic principles of cellular metabolism. The student knows the basics of the cell cycle, cell division, cell death, cell differentiation and cell signalling.

Assessment criteria - good (3-4) (Not in use, Look at the Assessment criteria above)

The student is able to describe the structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as cell organelles and their most important functions. The student is able to recognize and explain the different classes of biomolecules and knows their functions in cells. The student understands the central principles and mechanisms of the transfer of biological information. The student is able to explain the mechanism of enzyme function and central metabolic routes and knows their importance for the cells.
The student can explain the basic principles of the cell cycle, cell division, cell death, cell differentiation and cell signalling. The student has an overall picture of the cellular functions.

Assessment criteria - excellent (5) (Not in use, Look at the Assessment criteria above)

The student is able to describe elaborately the structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, as well as cell organelles and their functions. The student is able to describe the different reactions, structure and functions of biomolecules and is able to describe their significance for vital functions. The student can explain the principles, mechanisms, and factors affecting to the transfer of biological information. The student knows the mechanism of enzyme function and regulation, central cellular metabolic routes and the factors affecting to them. The student is also able to evaluate their interactions. The student can explain the principles of the cell cycle, cell division and cell death. The student understands the process of cell differentiation. Thestudent understands the principles and signifigance of cell signalling. The student is able to descibe different ways of cell to cell communication and their differences. The student has a good overall picture of the cellular functions.

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- perform laboratory diagnostics of acid-base balance tests, fluid and electrolyte balance tests, waste product tests and key protein tests and understand their analytical methods, test indications and clinical relevance
- explain the preanalytical requirements and interference factors of the tests
- evaluate the reliability of laboratory results and analysis processes, and apply quality control in his/her work
- explain the principles of the different analytical methods
- change and record the parameters needed for a laboratory information system
- apply the learned theoretical knowledge to the assessment of the validity of the sample and the interpretation of the results
- perform analyses under supervision and pay attention to occupational safety and ergonomics in his/her work
- work in a small group and take responsibility for his/her own work and that of the group

Content (course unit)

Analyses of arterial and capillary blood gas samples, preanalytical problems and quality assurance, interpretation of results and clinical significance.
The test indications, preanalytical factors, analytical methods and clinical significance of the most important fluid and electrolyte balance tests, waste product tests and protein tests.
Operating principles and use and maintenance of a blood gas analyser.
Quality management.
Handling of reagents, calibration and control of test methods and acceptance criteria.
Taking a blood gas sample as a skin puncture and performing an analysis with a blood gas analyser.
Evaluating the quality of the samples and the reliability of the results and decision making.
Working in a clinical laboratory and teamwork skills

Prerequisites (course unit)

Examining Enzymes, Lipids and Carbohydrate Metabolism 7B00EG22 must be completed before participation in the course.

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows the key issues and recognizes the most common pre-analytical and analytical error factors. The student needs significant guidance and support at different stages of the analysis process. The student performs the supervised work, needs support to evaluate and interpret the results. The student works in the teaching laboratory, taking into account occupational safety issues and follows the given work instructions. Students look at things from their own perspective but work with the group.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student knows the key issues and can analyse things in relation to each other. The student is able to explain the pre-analytical and analytical error factors and apply the knowledge to practice.
The student performs the steps of the analysis process with instructions, relying on other students and on the teacher, if necessary. The student is able to interpret the results and evaluate the reliability of the results. The student works in the teaching laboratory, taking into account occupational safety issues and follows the given work instructions. Students examine and evaluate their work from their own and the group's point of view.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student understands the contexts, can apply the theory to practice and justify his/her decisions. The student is able to explain the pre-analytical and analytical error factors of different studies. The student performs mostly in a self-directed way at different stages of the analysis process. The student works in the teaching laboratory, taking into account safety issues, following the given work instructions and is able to justify his / her own activities. Students examine and evaluate their work analytically from their own and the group's point of view.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Further information

The student is able to
- perform laboratory diagnostics of acid-base balance tests, fluid and electrolyte balance tests, waste product tests and key protein tests and understand their analytical methods, test indications and clinical relevance
- explain the preanalytical requirements and interference factors of the tests
- evaluate the reliability of laboratory results and analysis processes, and apply quality control in his/her work
- explain the principles of the different analytical methods
- change and record the parameters needed for a laboratory information system
- apply the learned theoretical knowledge to the assessment of the validity of the sample and the interpretation of the results
- perform analyses under supervision and pay attention to occupational safety and ergonomics in his/her work
- work in a small group and take responsibility for his/her own work and that of the group

Course content:
Analyses of arterial and capillary blood gas samples, preanalytical problems and quality assurance, interpretation of results and clinical significance.
The test indications, preanalytical factors, analytical methods and clinical significance of the most important fluid and electrolyte balance tests, waste product tests and protein tests.
Operating principles and use and maintenance of a blood gas analyser.
Quality management.
Handling of reagents, calibration and control of test methods and acceptance criteria.
Taking a blood gas sample as a skin puncture and performing an analysis with a blood gas analyser.
Evaluating the quality of the samples and the reliability of the results and decision making.
Working in a clinical laboratory and teamwork skills

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- perform laboratory diagnostics of acid-base balance tests, fluid and electrolyte balance tests, waste product tests and key protein tests and understand their analytical methods, test indications and clinical relevance
- explain the preanalytical requirements and interference factors of the tests
- evaluate the reliability of laboratory results and analysis processes, and apply quality control in his/her work
- explain the principles of the different analytical methods
- change and record the parameters needed for a laboratory information system
- apply the learned theoretical knowledge to the assessment of the validity of the sample and the interpretation of the results
- perform analyses under supervision and pay attention to occupational safety and ergonomics in his/her work
- work in a small group and take responsibility for his/her own work and that of the group

Content (course unit)

Analyses of arterial and capillary blood gas samples, preanalytical problems and quality assurance, interpretation of results and clinical significance.
The test indications, preanalytical factors, analytical methods and clinical significance of the most important fluid and electrolyte balance tests, waste product tests and protein tests.
Operating principles and use and maintenance of a blood gas analyser.
Quality management.
Handling of reagents, calibration and control of test methods and acceptance criteria.
Taking a blood gas sample as a skin puncture and performing an analysis with a blood gas analyser.
Evaluating the quality of the samples and the reliability of the results and decision making.
Working in a clinical laboratory and teamwork skills

Prerequisites (course unit)

Examining Enzymes, Lipids and Carbohydrate Metabolism 7B00EG22 must be completed before participation in the course.

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows the key issues and recognizes the most common pre-analytical and analytical error factors. The student needs significant guidance and support at different stages of the analysis process. The student performs the supervised work, needs support to evaluate and interpret the results. The student works in the teaching laboratory, taking into account occupational safety issues and follows the given work instructions. Students look at things from their own perspective but work with the group.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student knows the key issues and can analyse things in relation to each other. The student is able to explain the pre-analytical and analytical error factors and apply the knowledge to practice.
The student performs the steps of the analysis process with instructions, relying on other students and on the teacher, if necessary. The student is able to interpret the results and evaluate the reliability of the results. The student works in the teaching laboratory, taking into account occupational safety issues and follows the given work instructions. Students examine and evaluate their work from their own and the group's point of view.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student understands the contexts, can apply the theory to practice and justify his/her decisions. The student is able to explain the pre-analytical and analytical error factors of different studies. The student performs mostly in a self-directed way at different stages of the analysis process. The student works in the teaching laboratory, taking into account safety issues, following the given work instructions and is able to justify his / her own activities. Students examine and evaluate their work analytically from their own and the group's point of view.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Further information

The student is able to
- perform laboratory diagnostics of acid-base balance tests, fluid and electrolyte balance tests, waste product tests and key protein tests and understand their analytical methods, test indications and clinical relevance
- explain the preanalytical requirements and interference factors of the tests
- evaluate the reliability of laboratory results and analysis processes, and apply quality control in his/her work
- explain the principles of the different analytical methods
- change and record the parameters needed for a laboratory information system
- apply the learned theoretical knowledge to the assessment of the validity of the sample and the interpretation of the results
- perform analyses under supervision and pay attention to occupational safety and ergonomics in his/her work
- work in a small group and take responsibility for his/her own work and that of the group

Course content:
Analyses of arterial and capillary blood gas samples, preanalytical problems and quality assurance, interpretation of results and clinical significance.
The test indications, preanalytical factors, analytical methods and clinical significance of the most important fluid and electrolyte balance tests, waste product tests and protein tests.
Operating principles and use and maintenance of a blood gas analyser.
Quality management.
Handling of reagents, calibration and control of test methods and acceptance criteria.
Taking a blood gas sample as a skin puncture and performing an analysis with a blood gas analyser.
Evaluating the quality of the samples and the reliability of the results and decision making.
Working in a clinical laboratory and teamwork skills

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- act appropriately when first aid is needed
- know the principles of first aid in cases of emergency
- know the most important principles of nursing and understand their significance in patient / client care
- learn nursing interventions
- learn the regulations concerning medical and parenteral care as well as their implementation
- take into account patient security
- act in an aseptic and safe way in the tasks of biomedical laboratory scientists

Content (course unit)

First aid in cases of emergency
Action in other first aid situations
Cooperation with authorities in special conditions
Principles of nursing
Principles of nursing interventions
Patient security and Regulations concerning medical care
Implementation of parenteral pharmacotherapy
Prevention of infections and aseptic techniques

Prerequisites (course unit)

-

Further information (course unit)

The course includes training in the university of applied sciences’ teaching laboratory.

The course must be completed before 1. year supervised training.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

Student is able to
- help and give first aid in emergencies and in acute situations
- identify accidents and dangerous situations
- operate with a patient carefully and aseptically in sampling and examination situations.
- describe the operation of the nursing unit

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

Student is able to
- help and give first aid in emergencies and in acute situations
- identify and prevent accidents
- operate with a patient carefully and aseptically in sampling and examination situations.
- describe the operation of the nursing unit
- justify his/her actions

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

Student is able to
- operate and take the responsibility of first aid in emergencies and in acute situations
- identify and prevent accidents beforehand
- operate with a patient carefully and aseptically in sampling and examination situations.
- describe in detail the operation of the nursing unit
- justify and evaluate his/her actions

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- know the main points of laboratory diagnostics, test indications and clinical significance of enzyme, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism tests
- explain the preanalytical requirements and interference factors of the analytes
- evaluate the reliability of the laboratory results and apply quality control in his/her work
- use laboratory information system for patient results
- explain the operating principles of basic analysers and the analytical methods of the tests
- apply the learned theoretical knowledge to assess the validity of the sample and the test results
- perform analyses under supervision and pay attention to occupational safety and ergonomics in his/her work
- work in a small group and take responsibility for his/her own work and that of the group

Content (course unit)

Quality management for clinical chemistry analysers and point-of-care devices
Use and maintenance of the teaching laboratory analysers
Basic's of the Laboratory Information System
Handling of reagents, calibration and control of test methods and acceptance criteria Preanalytics and evaluation of the validity of samples
The most important tests of enzymes, lipid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism and their analysis and clinical significance
Evaluating the reliability of test results and decision-making
Working in the clinical laboratory

Prerequisites (course unit)

Participation in the study module requires that the student has completed acceptably the following study modules of the first year: 7B00EG12 Practical Course of General Laboratory Practice and the Analysis techniques part of 7B00EG13 Analysis Techniques, Basics of Automation and Sample Logistics.

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows the key issues and can identify the most common pre-analytical and analytical error factors. The student needs significant guidance and support at different stages of the analysis process. The student performs the supervised work, needs support to evaluate and interpret the results. The student works in the teaching laboratory, taking into account occupational safety issues and follows the given work instructions. Students look at things from their own perspective, but work with the group.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student knows the key issues and can analyse things in relation to each other. The student is able to explain the pre-analytical and analytical error factors and apply the knowledge to practice.
The student performs the steps of the analysis process with instructions, relying on other students and on the teacher, if necessary. The student is able to interpret the results and evaluate the reliability of the results. The student works in the teaching laboratory, taking into account occupational safety issues and follows the given work instructions. Students examine and evaluate their work from their own and the group's point of view.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student understands the contexts, can apply the theory to practice and justify his/her decisions. The student is able to explain the pre-analytical and analytical error factors of different studies. The student performs mostly in a self-directed way at different stages of the analysis process. The student works in the teaching laboratory, taking into account safety issues, following the given work instructions and is able to justify his / her own activities. Students examine and evaluate their work analytically from their own and the group's point of view.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Further information

Study goals:
The student is able to
- know the main points of laboratory diagnostics, test indications and clinical significance of enzyme, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism tests
- explain the preanalytical requirements and interference factors of the analytes
- evaluate the reliability of the laboratory results and apply quality control in his/her work
- use laboratory information system for patient results
- explain the operating principles of basic analysers and the analytical methods of the tests
- apply the learned theoretical knowledge to assess the validity of the sample and the test results
- perform analyses under supervision and pay attention to occupational safety and ergonomics in his/her work
- work in a small group and take responsibility for his/her own work and that of the group

Assessment criteria - satisfactory (1-2) (Not in use, Look at the Assessment criteria above)

The student knows the key issues and can identify the most common pre-analytical and analytical error factors. The student needs significant guidance and support at different stages of the analysis process. The student performs the supervised work, needs support to evaluate and interpret the results. The student works in the teaching laboratory, taking into account occupational safety issues and follows the given work instructions. Students look at things from their own perspective, but work with the group.

Assessment criteria - good (3-4) (Not in use, Look at the Assessment criteria above)

The student knows the key issues and can analyse things in relation to each other. The student is able to explain the pre-analytical and analytical error factors and apply the knowledge to practice.
The student performs the steps of the analysis process with instructions, relying on other students and on the teacher, if necessary. The student is able to interpret the results and evaluate the reliability of the results. The student works in the teaching laboratory, taking into account occupational safety issues and follows the given work instructions. Students examine and evaluate their work from their own and the group's point of view.

Assessment criteria - excellent (5) (Not in use, Look at the Assessment criteria above)

The student understands the contexts, can apply the theory to practice and justify his/her decisions. The student is able to explain the pre-analytical and analytical error factors of different studies. The student performs mostly in a self-directed way at different stages of the analysis process. The student works in the teaching laboratory, taking into account safety issues, following the given work instructions and is able to justify his / her own activities. Students examine and evaluate their work analytically from their own and the group's point of view.

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- acquires special know-how and expertise in a field chosen in accordance with the student’s own interest and which corresponds to the needs of the working life. The objectives of the speciality practice are determined by the content and they are agreed on individually for each student.
- objectives of the practice in international exchange are agreed on separately.

Content (course unit)

Clinical Haematology, Clinical Chemistry, Immunohaematology, Pathology, Clinical Microbiology, Clinical Physiology, Clinical Neurophysiology and Radiation examination. Molecular biology, Genetics, Immunology, Emergency Care, specimen collection from children, fertilisation treatments, animal laboratory, sports medicine, research groups, sales work and marketing tasks of the laboratory field or IT maintenance tasks.

Prerequisites (course unit)

-

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

Approval of practice is based on reaching student-specific objectives.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- define and use pharmacological terms
- define various dosage forms and explain different routes of drug administration
- explain the phases of drug metabolism and the effects of drugs to the body
- describe the main side effects and interactions with other drugs
- describe the classes of medicine, most common drugs and toxicants, whose use involves concentration measurements and intoxication studies
- perform calculations needed in pharmacotherapy

Content (course unit)

Pharmacological terms
The mechanisms of drug action, receptors
Dose and response
Dosage forms and routes of drug administration
Pharmacokinetics
Basics of toxicology
Side and adverse effects and drug interactions
The classes of medicine and drugs, which involve laboratory tests
Medical calculations

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to describe the concepts of drug, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and knows the main principles of drug therapy. Student knows the main features of principles by which the pharmaceutical products and chemical substances affect the body and by which the body processes them. The student understands the concepts of adverse effects and drug interactions. The student knows the basics of drug analytics and is able to list drug groups, the most common drugs and poisonous substances, which are associated with concentration measurements in laboratory. The student is able to perform the required medical calculations.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student is able to explain the main terminology of pharmacology and toxicology. The student knows the principles, by which the pharmaceutical products and chemical substances affect the body and by which the body processes them. The student can explain the main mechanisms of adverse effects and drug interactions. The student knows the basics of drug analytics and is able to list drug groups, the most common drugs and poisonous substances, which are associated with concentration measurements in laboratory. The student is able to perform the required medical calculations.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student is able to fluently use the main terminology of pharmacology and toxicology and drug therapy. The student can explain how the pharmaceutical products and chemical substances affect the body and how the body processes them. The student can explain the most important adverse effects and drug interactions and knows their mechanisms. The student can explain the features and methodology of drug analytics and is able to list drug groups, the most common drugs and poisonous substances, which are associated with concentration measurements in laboratory. The student is able to apply his/her knowledge of pharmacology and toxicology in performing drug monitoring and toxicology measurements. The student is able to perform the required medical calculations.

Exam schedules

Theory exam in Moodle and medical calculations exam as in-class exam 5.12.2023

Re-exams:
Medical calculations: dates for re-examinations will be agreed with the students.
Theory: re-exams in Exam-system, by the end of 4. period (2024).

Assessment scale

0-5

Teaching methods

Lectures, group work, presentations, independent work, exams

Learning materials

Lecture material (in Moodle)
General literature on pharmacology and toxicology
Recommended Literature for medical calculations: Ernvall, Pulli, Salonen, Nurminen and Kaukkila. 2012. Calculation. 9-11. edition. SanomaPro Oy, Helsinki.

Student workload

Lectures, presentations, workshop and exams 31 h
Independent work 50 h

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- describe the basics of haemostasis
- know the most common laboratory tests used to evaluate coagulation disorders
- collect, handle and preserve coagulation specimens
- perform the most common coagulation tests reliably
- ensure quality control of haematology tests
- explain the operating principles of automatic cell counters and automatic microscopy and evaluate information produced by those devices.
- critically assess the quality of automated cell calculation measurements

Content (course unit)

Laboratory diagnostics and disorders of haemostasis
Automated haematology analysers and quality control

Prerequisites (course unit)

Introduction to Haematology and Basic Tests 7B00EG18 must be completed before the course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes training in the University of Applied Sciences’ teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to explain the basics of haemostasis and knows the most important laboratory tests for haemostasis diagnostics and treatment. The student is able to collect, handle and preserve coagulation samples and analyse the most important coagulation tests. The student knows the operating principles of automated cell counters and automated microscopy used in haematology and can interpret the data produced by the devices under supervision. The student is able to evaluate the quality of haematological tests.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student knows the function of haemostasis and the most important laboratory tests used in diagnostics and in the monitoring of treatment. The student is able to collect, process and preserve coagulation samples and reliably analyse the most important coagulation samples. The student knows the operating principles of automated cell counters and automated microscopy used in haematology and can interpret the data produced by the devices. The student is able to evaluate the quality of the results of haematological tests.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student understands the function of haemostasis and apply the knowledge in diagnostics and monitoring of treatment. The student is able to collect, process and preserve coagulation samples and to perform the most common coagulation analyses in high quality. The student knows the operating principles of automated cell counters and automated microscopy used in haematology. The student is able to apply his/her knowledge in operating the devices and in interpreting the data produced by the devices. The student is able to evaluate and analyse the quality of the results of haematological tests.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- describe the basics of haemostasis
- know the most common laboratory tests used to evaluate coagulation disorders
- collect, handle and preserve coagulation specimens
- perform the most common coagulation tests reliably
- ensure quality control of haematology tests
- explain the operating principles of automatic cell counters and automatic microscopy and evaluate information produced by those devices.
- critically assess the quality of automated cell calculation measurements

Content (course unit)

Laboratory diagnostics and disorders of haemostasis
Automated haematology analysers and quality control

Prerequisites (course unit)

Introduction to Haematology and Basic Tests 7B00EG18 must be completed before the course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes training in the University of Applied Sciences’ teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to explain the basics of haemostasis and knows the most important laboratory tests for haemostasis diagnostics and treatment. The student is able to collect, handle and preserve coagulation samples and analyse the most important coagulation tests. The student knows the operating principles of automated cell counters and automated microscopy used in haematology and can interpret the data produced by the devices under supervision. The student is able to evaluate the quality of haematological tests.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student knows the function of haemostasis and the most important laboratory tests used in diagnostics and in the monitoring of treatment. The student is able to collect, process and preserve coagulation samples and reliably analyse the most important coagulation samples. The student knows the operating principles of automated cell counters and automated microscopy used in haematology and can interpret the data produced by the devices. The student is able to evaluate the quality of the results of haematological tests.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student understands the function of haemostasis and apply the knowledge in diagnostics and monitoring of treatment. The student is able to collect, process and preserve coagulation samples and to perform the most common coagulation analyses in high quality. The student knows the operating principles of automated cell counters and automated microscopy used in haematology. The student is able to apply his/her knowledge in operating the devices and in interpreting the data produced by the devices. The student is able to evaluate and analyse the quality of the results of haematological tests.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- know the general theory of haematopoiesis and the clinical significance of different cell lines
- describe the role of the BLS in bone marrow sampling, sample preparation and handling
- know basic haematological methods and can apply them using analysers and manual techniques
- know pre-analytical factors and quality assessment criteria for the examinations
- identify key morphological findings and distinguish between normal and pathological findings

Content (course unit)

Theory of haematopoiesis and its clinical significance
Basic haematological examinations, pre-analytical factors and quality assurance
Preparation and staining of blood smears
Preparation of bone morrow samples
Microscopy of normal blood cells, manual and automated cell counting

Prerequisites (course unit)

-

Further information (course unit)

The module includes training in the university of applied sciences’ teaching laboratory. This module is a pre-requisite for the next course, 7B00EG20.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student
- is able to define the basic terminology of the course and explain the basic tests
- is able to identify normal findings
- performs basic haematological tests mechanically, according to instructions
- shows limited preparation for exercises and assignments
- takes responsibility for his/her own work
- participates satisfactorily in teamwork

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student
- applies the basic terminology related to haematology
- applies his/her knowledge in performing basic tests
- is able to identify normal findings
- works carefully, systematically and reliably
- takes responsibility and commits to his/her own work and also to teamwork
- participates well in teamwork

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student
- can outline the relationships between concepts related to haematology
- is able to explore different methods and solutions
- develops his/her own professional competence in a goal-oriented and versatile way
- can apply and evaluate the acquired knowledge in performing basic tests
- is able to identify normal findings well
- participates in the given tasks responsibly and constructively as a member of the group

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The students
- know the theoretical background of the most common histological stains, immunohistochemistry, and molecular pathology
- identify the most common histological stains by microscope and digital imaging
- are familiar with quality assurance and occupational safety in staining
- know post-mortem practices

Content (course unit)

Most common histological stains
Methods of immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology
Microscopic recognition of histological stains
Sources of error in stainings, quality assurance
Occupational safety
Clinical and forensic post-mortem examinations

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed 7B00EG29 Preparation of Tissue Sections and Recognition of Tissues, and 7B00EG30 Introduction to Clinical Cytology before the course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes training in the university of applied sciences' teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows the principles and clinical use of the main histological and immunohistological stains and molecular pathology. He/she knows the principles of quality assurance of these methods and occupational safety. The student can identify some of the most common histological stains by microscopy.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student knows the principles and clinical use of the main histological and immunohistological stains and molecular pathology. He/she knows the principles of quality assurance of these methods and occupational safety. The student can identify the most common histological stains by microscopy.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student knows the principles and clinical use of the main histological and immunohistological stains and molecular pathology. He/she can evaluate quality assurance of these methods and occupational safety. The student can identify the most common histological stains by microscopy.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Teaching methods

Lectures, lavoratory work, seminars, independent work

Completion alternatives

-

Practical training and working life cooperation

-

Objectives (course unit)

The students
- know the theoretical background of the most common histological stains, immunohistochemistry, and molecular pathology
- identify the most common histological stains by microscope and digital imaging
- are familiar with quality assurance and occupational safety in staining
- know post-mortem practices

Content (course unit)

Most common histological stains
Methods of immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology
Microscopic recognition of histological stains
Sources of error in stainings, quality assurance
Occupational safety
Clinical and forensic post-mortem examinations

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed 7B00EG29 Preparation of Tissue Sections and Recognition of Tissues, and 7B00EG30 Introduction to Clinical Cytology before the course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes training in the university of applied sciences' teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows the principles and clinical use of the main histological and immunohistological stains and molecular pathology. He/she knows the principles of quality assurance of these methods and occupational safety. The student can identify some of the most common histological stains by microscopy.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student knows the principles and clinical use of the main histological and immunohistological stains and molecular pathology. He/she knows the principles of quality assurance of these methods and occupational safety. The student can identify the most common histological stains by microscopy.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student knows the principles and clinical use of the main histological and immunohistological stains and molecular pathology. He/she can evaluate quality assurance of these methods and occupational safety. The student can identify the most common histological stains by microscopy.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Teaching methods

Lectures, lavoratory work, seminars, independent work

Completion alternatives

-

Practical training and working life cooperation

-

Objectives (course unit)

The students
- know the theoretical background of the most common histological stains, immunohistochemistry, and molecular pathology
- identify the most common histological stains by microscope and digital imaging
- are familiar with quality assurance and occupational safety in staining
- know post-mortem practices

Content (course unit)

Most common histological stains
Methods of immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology
Microscopic recognition of histological stains
Sources of error in stainings, quality assurance
Occupational safety
Clinical and forensic post-mortem examinations

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed 7B00EG29 Preparation of Tissue Sections and Recognition of Tissues, and 7B00EG30 Introduction to Clinical Cytology before the course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes training in the university of applied sciences' teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows the principles and clinical use of the main histological and immunohistological stains and molecular pathology. He/she knows the principles of quality assurance of these methods and occupational safety. The student can identify some of the most common histological stains by microscopy.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student knows the principles and clinical use of the main histological and immunohistological stains and molecular pathology. He/she knows the principles of quality assurance of these methods and occupational safety. The student can identify the most common histological stains by microscopy.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student knows the principles and clinical use of the main histological and immunohistological stains and molecular pathology. He/she can evaluate quality assurance of these methods and occupational safety. The student can identify the most common histological stains by microscopy.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Teaching methods

Lectures, lavoratory work, seminars, independent work

Completion alternatives

-

Practical training and working life cooperation

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Further information

The course includes clinical training in the University of Applied sciences' teaching laboratory.
The student must have passed 7B00ET97 Anatomy and Physiology before the course.

Assessment criteria - satisfactory (1-2) (Not in use, Look at the Assessment criteria above)

The student knows some methods in histotechnology. The student manages embedding of specimens with significant assistance. The student can identify half of the most common normal histological structures of tissues. The student is able to define quality assurance methods in histology. The student recognises occupational safety issues in pathology laboratory.

Assessment criteria - good (3-4) (Not in use, Look at the Assessment criteria above)

The student is able to explain methods in histotechnology for the most part. The student is able to apply the theory to prepare specimens in histology. The student can identify most of the common normal histological structures of tissues. The student is able to apply quality assurance methods to histology. The student takes into account occupational safety in pathology laboratory and is able to justify her/his actions.

Assessment criteria - excellent (5) (Not in use, Look at the Assessment criteria above)

The student is able to explain methods in histotechnology for the most part. The student is able to apply the theory to prepare specimens in histology. The student can identify most of the common normal histological structures of tissues. The student is able to apply quality assurance methods to histology. The student takes into account occupational safety in pathology laboratory and is able to assess her/his actions.

Objectives (course unit)

The student will
- know the procedure of reliable blood transfusion sampling and be aware of special circumstances concerning blood transfusions
- know the storage and management of transfused blood products
- know how to collect blood samples for blood transfusion serology
- know the most common clinically significant antibodies and adverse effects and dangers related to blood transfusion
- know the responsibility areas of the blood service, hospital blood bank, and nursing unit in implementation of safe blood transfusion
- be able to perform the basic blood transfusion serology tests reliably with tube and column methods
- understand the results of basic blood transfusion serology tests

Content (course unit)

Basic concepts of blood transfusion serology
Basic blood transfusion serology tests with tube and column methods
Blood transfusion practices
Blood products and their use
Clinically significant antibodies
Adverse effects and dangers related to blood transfusion
Quality assurance and occupational safety issues concerning blood bank work
Legislation on blood services
Blood security
Blood services in Finland
Special circumstances concerning blood transfusion

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed 7B00BB89 Immunology and Pathology before the course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes clinical training in the university of applied sciences teaching laboratory.
The participation in all the training lessons is compulsory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to analyse basic blood transfusion serological tests by tube and column method. The student knows the basics of blood transfusion practices, clinically relevant antibodies, and the adverse effects and incidents related to blood transfusions. The student knows the responsibility areas of the hospital blood centre and the treatment unit in the implementation of safe blood transfusion, the use of various blood products and the instructions for blood transfusion.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student is able to perform basic blood transfusion serological tests according to the working procedure using the tube and column method, taking into account preanalytical factors. The student knows blood transfusion practices, clinically relevant antibodies and blood transfusion adverse effects. The student knows the responsibility areas of the blood service, the hospital blood centre and the treatment unit for the implementation of safe blood transfusion, the use of various blood products and the instructions for blood transfusion.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student is able to perform the basic tests in high quality using the tube and column method, taking into account preanalytical factors, and can reflect on his/her own learning. The student knows blood transfusion practices, clinically relevant antibodies and blood transfusion adverse effects. The student knows the responsibility areas of the blood service, the hospital blood centre and the treatment unit for the implementation of safe blood transfusion, the use of various blood products and the instructions for blood transfusion. The student is able to evaluate the reliability of blood transfusion serology.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student will
- know the procedure of reliable blood transfusion sampling and be aware of special circumstances concerning blood transfusions
- know the storage and management of transfused blood products
- know how to collect blood samples for blood transfusion serology
- know the most common clinically significant antibodies and adverse effects and dangers related to blood transfusion
- know the responsibility areas of the blood service, hospital blood bank, and nursing unit in implementation of safe blood transfusion
- be able to perform the basic blood transfusion serology tests reliably with tube and column methods
- understand the results of basic blood transfusion serology tests

Content (course unit)

Basic concepts of blood transfusion serology
Basic blood transfusion serology tests with tube and column methods
Blood transfusion practices
Blood products and their use
Clinically significant antibodies
Adverse effects and dangers related to blood transfusion
Quality assurance and occupational safety issues concerning blood bank work
Legislation on blood services
Blood security
Blood services in Finland
Special circumstances concerning blood transfusion

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed 7B00BB89 Immunology and Pathology before the course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes clinical training in the university of applied sciences teaching laboratory.
The participation in all the training lessons is compulsory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to analyse basic blood transfusion serological tests by tube and column method. The student knows the basics of blood transfusion practices, clinically relevant antibodies, and the adverse effects and incidents related to blood transfusions. The student knows the responsibility areas of the hospital blood centre and the treatment unit in the implementation of safe blood transfusion, the use of various blood products and the instructions for blood transfusion.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student is able to perform basic blood transfusion serological tests according to the working procedure using the tube and column method, taking into account preanalytical factors. The student knows blood transfusion practices, clinically relevant antibodies and blood transfusion adverse effects. The student knows the responsibility areas of the blood service, the hospital blood centre and the treatment unit for the implementation of safe blood transfusion, the use of various blood products and the instructions for blood transfusion.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student is able to perform the basic tests in high quality using the tube and column method, taking into account preanalytical factors, and can reflect on his/her own learning. The student knows blood transfusion practices, clinically relevant antibodies and blood transfusion adverse effects. The student knows the responsibility areas of the blood service, the hospital blood centre and the treatment unit for the implementation of safe blood transfusion, the use of various blood products and the instructions for blood transfusion. The student is able to evaluate the reliability of blood transfusion serology.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- name and locate the main organs and structures of immune system
- define and use immunological terms
- describe the mechanisms of innate and acquired immunity
- explain the differentiation process and main functions of immunological cells
- determine and describe the most common immunological defects
- describe the structure of an antibody and the principle of antigen-antibody reaction

- can explain the basic principles and practical use of antibody-based immunological methods
- can explain measurement principles of analyzers
- can explain the principles of immunochromatographic rapid tests
- is, with guidance, able to perform simple immunological measurements and describe their operating principles
- learns how to work in a supervised small group and to pay attention to their own and others’ occupational safety and ergonomics

Content (course unit)

Immunological terms
Immune system and the factors involved in immune system
Basics of immunopathology
Antibody- and antigen-based reagents
Principles and methods of immunochemical measurement in a clinical laboratory
Exercises in small groups, in a clinical laboratory environment
Working in a small group

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to list the main organs of the immune system.
The student is able to define the major concepts related to immunology.
The student is able to explain what is meant by the innate and acquired immunity and is familiar with their function on a basic level.
The student can list the cell types in immune system and knows the basics of their differentiation and function.
The student is able to describe the basic structure of antibody.
The student is able to name the most common conditions or diseases in which the immune system is disturbed.

The student is able to list things to consider when preparing, using and storing a reagent.
The student is able to list the measurement principles of immunochemical measuring devices.
The student is, with guidance, able to perform the given assignments and is able to outline the operating principles of the tests.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student can name and locate the main organs of the immune system.
The student is able to identify and use the most common concepts and terms related to immunology.
The student is able to describe the human innate and acquired immunity.
The student is able to explain the differentiation and the main tasks of the cells in the immune system.
The student is able to describe the structure and function of antibodies.
The student is able to name and describe the most common conditions or diseases in which the immune system is disturbed.

The student is able to explain issues to consider related to the preparation, storage and use of reagents and possible sources of error.
The student is able to explain the measurement principles and use of immunochemical measuring devices in a clinical laboratory.
The student is, with guidance and group support, able to carry out assignments independently and explain the operating principles of the tests used.
The student acts as an active member of the group.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student knows the most important organs of the immune system, their structure and function in immunological defense.
The student is able to define and use concepts related to immunology. He/she is able to describe comprehensively the function of human innate and acquired immunity.
The student is able to explain the differentiation and functions of the cells of the immune system.
The student is able to explain the structure and function of antibodies.
The student is able to explain the most common conditions or diseases in which the immune system is disturbed.

The student is able to explain issues related to the preparation, use and storage of reagents, sources of error and their effects.
The student is able to explain the measurement principles of immunochemical measuring devices and their use in a clinical laboratory.
The student is able to independently perform the given assignments and explain the operating principles of the test used and possible sources of error.
The student actively acts as a member of the group and assists other members of the group as needed.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

Pulmonary function tests
The student
- can instruct the patient to pulmonary function tests (spirometry, PEF)
- can perform pulmonary function tests and knows the criteria for high-quality examination (e.g. selection of proper spirometry curves)
- understands the sources of error in spirometry
- knows the key parameters measured in spirometry
- understands the purpose of pulmonary function tests and the significance of spirometry findings in the most common lung diseases
- takes into consideration patient safety and quality assessment


Nuclear medicine procedures and radiation protection
The student
- knows the basics of radioactivity used in professional studies
- knows the structure and operating principles of the equipment used in nuclear medicine procedures
- knows the principles of working safely in nuclear medicine procedures
- knows how the methods of nuclear medicine are utilized in diagnosis, evaluation and follow up
- knows the European Union legislation, national radiation legislation and directives given by authorities related to safe medical use of ionizing radiation related to nuclear medicine
- is able to prepare radiopharmaceuticals
- is able to perform activity calculations related to the preparation and administration of radiopharmaceuticals
-knows the basics of working in a Hot Laboratory (Clean Room)

Content (course unit)

Pulmonary Function Tests

Lung functions
Spirometry examination and patient guidance
Evaluation of spirometry measurements and selection of breath curves
Peak expiratory flow (PEF) examination and patient guidance
Patient safety during examination
External quality assessment of spirometry

Nuclear medicine and radiation protection

Principles of working in nuclear medicine procedures
Principles of nuclear medicine procedures and radionuclide therapy
Principles of PET-CT procedures
Radiation protection and radiation safety in nuclear medicine procedures
The European Union legislation, national radiation legislation and directives given by authorities related to safe medical use of ionizing radiation
Radiopharmacy and use of radiopharmaceuticals
Working in a Hot Laboratory (Clean Room)

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed Examination of the Heart and Circulation 7B00EG34 before this course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes clinical training in the university of applied sciences' teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

Pulmonary function tests
The student
- can define the basic concepts and explain the basic examinations related to the study module
- performs the tasks of the study module according to the work instructions
- shows limited preparation for training lessons and assignments
- takes responsibility for his/her own performance
- selects the spirometry curves for printing hesitantly and at a satisfactory level
- participates satisfactorily in group tasks

Nuclear medicine and radiation protection
The student
- is able to identify and name the basic physics required for safe medical use of radiation
- is able to identify and name the most important concepts related to nuclear medicine examinations and treatments
- is able to describe the structure and operating principle of equipment used in nuclear medicine
- is able to describe the principles of working safely in nuclear medicine
- is able to describe the European Union legislation, national radiation legislation and directives given by authorities related to nuclear medicine
- is able to name the methods by which patients can be examined and treated using radiopharmaceuticals
- is able to perform activity calculations related to the preparation and administration of radiopharmaceuticals
- is able to prepare radiopharmaceuticals in the learning environment
- is able to work safely in the work shop learning environment

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

Pulmonary function tests
The student
- analyses concepts related to the studies
- can apply the acquired knowledge in the performance of basic examinations
- selects the spirometry curves for printing well and mostly correctly
- works carefully, systematically and reliably
- takes responsibility and engages in both individual work and group activities
- participates in given tasks as a member of the group

Nuclear medicine and radiation protection
The student
- is able to explain the basic physics required for safe medical use of radiation
- is able to explain the most important concepts related to nuclear medicine examinations and treatments
- is able to explain the structure and operating principle of equipment used in nuclear medicine
- is able to explain the principles of working safely in nuclear medicine
- is able to explain the content of the European Union legislation, national radiation legislation and directives given by authorities related to nuclear medicine
- is able to explain the methods by which patients can be examined and treated using radiopharmaceuticals
- is able to prepare radiopharmaceuticals in the learning environment
- is able to perform activity calculations related to the preparation and administration of radiopharmaceuticals and can apply his/her skills in different situations
- is able to work and apply theory in different learning situations

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

Pulmonary function tests
The student
- analyses the relations between concepts related to pulmonary function tests
- develops his/her own professional know-how in a goal-oriented and diverse way
- selects well and systematically the appropriate spirometry curves for printing
- can identify normal findings and the most common abnormalities well
- participates in given tasks responsibly and constructively as a member of the group

Nuclear medicine and radiation protection
The student
- can explain, with justification, the basic physics required for safe medical use of radiation
- can explain, with justification, the most important concepts related to nuclear medicine examinations and treatments
- can explain, with justification, the structure and operating principle of equipment used in nuclear medicine
- can explain, with justification, the principles of working safely in nuclear medicine
- knows the European Union legislation, national radiation legislation and directives given by authorities related to safe medical use of ionizing radiation well enough to explain, with justification, their contents to the patient, patients’ relatives and other staff, if necessary
- can explain extensively and with justification the methods by which patients can be examined and treated using radiopharmaceuticals
- is able to prepare radiopharmaceuticals in the learning environment
- is able to perform activity calculations related to the preparation and administration of radiopharmaceuticals and can apply his/her skills to different situations in a versatile way
- is able to work in the work shop learning environment and justify his/her actions with theory

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

Student is able to
- perform ECG registrations and pulmonary function tests reliably and in a client-oriented manner
- evaluate the reliability and quality of the results
- guide patients and health care professionals in clinical physiology and neurophysiology examinations, taking preanalytical requirements into account
- look after the patient's safety and wellbeing during examinations
- develop his/her cooperation skills in multiprofessional work environment and various interaction situations and is interested in developing laboratory work
- after the clinical training student masters the basic skills in clinical physiology and neurophysiology laboratory work and quality management

Content (course unit)

Depending on the clinical training place:
Pulmonary function tests
ECG registration and blood pressure measurement at rest and during clinical exercise tests
In clinical neurophysiology training students participate actively and assist in different examinations
Work community skills

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed 7B00EG34 Examination of the Heart and Circulation, 7B00EG35 Pulmonary Function Tests, Nuclear Medicine Procedures and Radiation Protection and the part of clinical neurophysiology (2 cr) of 7B00EG36 Clinical Neurophysiological Examinations and Patient Examination Seminar before the clinical training. The patient examination seminar (1 cr) continues after the clinical training.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes supervised clinical training in physiology and neurophysiology laboratories

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student is able to
- perform basic examinations after guidance
- evaluate the quality and reliability of the results
- guide patients and health care professionals, taking into account preanalytical factors
- look after the patient’s safety during examinations
- show initiative, ability to cooperate and interest in professional development
- operate according to agreed procedures and take responsibility for his/her actions
- evaluate their own activities realistically and take advantage of feedback

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

Student is able to
- perform ECG registrations and pulmonary function tests reliably and in a client-oriented manner
- evaluate the reliability and quality of the results
- guide patients and health care professionals in clinical physiology and neurophysiology examinations, taking preanalytical requirements into account
- look after the patient's safety and wellbeing during examinations
- develop his/her cooperation skills in multiprofessional work environment and various interaction situations and is interested in developing laboratory work
- after the clinical training student masters the basic skills in clinical physiology and neurophysiology laboratory work and quality management

Content (course unit)

Depending on the clinical training place:
Pulmonary function tests
ECG registration and blood pressure measurement at rest and during clinical exercise tests
In clinical neurophysiology training students participate actively and assist in different examinations
Work community skills

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed 7B00EG34 Examination of the Heart and Circulation, 7B00EG35 Pulmonary Function Tests, Nuclear Medicine Procedures and Radiation Protection and the part of clinical neurophysiology (2 cr) of 7B00EG36 Clinical Neurophysiological Examinations and Patient Examination Seminar before the clinical training. The patient examination seminar (1 cr) continues after the clinical training.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes supervised clinical training in physiology and neurophysiology laboratories

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student is able to
- perform basic examinations after guidance
- evaluate the quality and reliability of the results
- guide patients and health care professionals, taking into account preanalytical factors
- look after the patient’s safety during examinations
- show initiative, ability to cooperate and interest in professional development
- operate according to agreed procedures and take responsibility for his/her actions
- evaluate their own activities realistically and take advantage of feedback

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

Student is able to
- perform ECG registrations and pulmonary function tests reliably and in a client-oriented manner
- evaluate the reliability and quality of the results
- guide patients and health care professionals in clinical physiology and neurophysiology examinations, taking preanalytical requirements into account
- look after the patient's safety and wellbeing during examinations
- develop his/her cooperation skills in multiprofessional work environment and various interaction situations and is interested in developing laboratory work
- after the clinical training student masters the basic skills in clinical physiology and neurophysiology laboratory work and quality management

Content (course unit)

Depending on the clinical training place:
Pulmonary function tests
ECG registration and blood pressure measurement at rest and during clinical exercise tests
In clinical neurophysiology training students participate actively and assist in different examinations
Work community skills

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed 7B00EG34 Examination of the Heart and Circulation, 7B00EG35 Pulmonary Function Tests, Nuclear Medicine Procedures and Radiation Protection and the part of clinical neurophysiology (2 cr) of 7B00EG36 Clinical Neurophysiological Examinations and Patient Examination Seminar before the clinical training. The patient examination seminar (1 cr) continues after the clinical training.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes supervised clinical training in physiology and neurophysiology laboratories

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student is able to
- perform basic examinations after guidance
- evaluate the quality and reliability of the results
- guide patients and health care professionals, taking into account preanalytical factors
- look after the patient’s safety during examinations
- show initiative, ability to cooperate and interest in professional development
- operate according to agreed procedures and take responsibility for his/her actions
- evaluate their own activities realistically and take advantage of feedback

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- define the basic concepts of genetics and different models of inheritance
- understand the basics of analytical methods used in genetics and to explain their principles
- identify the genetic aspects of multifactorial diseases
- identify the special aspects of fetal diagnostics and to describe methods used in fetal diagnostics
- identify and consider the ethical aspects of genetics

Content (course unit)

Basic concepts of genetics
Methods used in genetics
Genetics of multifactorial diseases
Cancer genetics and methodology
Fetal diagnostics
Ethical aspects

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows how to find information on the subject and is able to share the knowledge in the group. The student demonstrates that he/she has achieved the goals of the core competences of the course. The student knows the basic methods of genetics and knows their most common applications in diagnostics. The student is familiar with the ethical issues and legislation in the field.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student is able to search for information and critically use the resources. The student is able to bring his / her knowledge to the group. The student is able to use concepts and information in the field consistently. The student knows the principles of the basic methods of genetics and knows about the factors that influence them. The student is able to explain the most common applications in diagnostics and is able to apply the acquired knowledge in professional tasks. The student knows about the ethical issues and legislation in the field.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student is an expert when using the concepts and knowledge of the field and is able to bring the knowledge to the group as well as to organize the group's activities. The student knows the principles and the factors influencing the basic methods of genetics. The student is able to explain in detail the most common applications in diagnostics. The student is to apply the acquired knowledge in professional tasks and is able to justify the decisions through theory and literature. The student is well acquainted with the ethical issues and legislation of the field.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- define the basic concepts of genetics and different models of inheritance
- understand the basics of analytical methods used in genetics and to explain their principles
- identify the genetic aspects of multifactorial diseases
- identify the special aspects of fetal diagnostics and to describe methods used in fetal diagnostics
- identify and consider the ethical aspects of genetics

Content (course unit)

Basic concepts of genetics
Methods used in genetics
Genetics of multifactorial diseases
Cancer genetics and methodology
Fetal diagnostics
Ethical aspects

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows how to find information on the subject and is able to share the knowledge in the group. The student demonstrates that he/she has achieved the goals of the core competences of the course. The student knows the basic methods of genetics and knows their most common applications in diagnostics. The student is familiar with the ethical issues and legislation in the field.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student is able to search for information and critically use the resources. The student is able to bring his / her knowledge to the group. The student is able to use concepts and information in the field consistently. The student knows the principles of the basic methods of genetics and knows about the factors that influence them. The student is able to explain the most common applications in diagnostics and is able to apply the acquired knowledge in professional tasks. The student knows about the ethical issues and legislation in the field.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student is an expert when using the concepts and knowledge of the field and is able to bring the knowledge to the group as well as to organize the group's activities. The student knows the principles and the factors influencing the basic methods of genetics. The student is able to explain in detail the most common applications in diagnostics. The student is to apply the acquired knowledge in professional tasks and is able to justify the decisions through theory and literature. The student is well acquainted with the ethical issues and legislation of the field.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- define the basic concepts of genetics and different models of inheritance
- understand the basics of analytical methods used in genetics and to explain their principles
- identify the genetic aspects of multifactorial diseases
- identify the special aspects of fetal diagnostics and to describe methods used in fetal diagnostics
- identify and consider the ethical aspects of genetics

Content (course unit)

Basic concepts of genetics
Methods used in genetics
Genetics of multifactorial diseases
Cancer genetics and methodology
Fetal diagnostics
Ethical aspects

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows how to find information on the subject and is able to share the knowledge in the group. The student demonstrates that he/she has achieved the goals of the core competences of the course. The student knows the basic methods of genetics and knows their most common applications in diagnostics. The student is familiar with the ethical issues and legislation in the field.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student is able to search for information and critically use the resources. The student is able to bring his / her knowledge to the group. The student is able to use concepts and information in the field consistently. The student knows the principles of the basic methods of genetics and knows about the factors that influence them. The student is able to explain the most common applications in diagnostics and is able to apply the acquired knowledge in professional tasks. The student knows about the ethical issues and legislation in the field.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student is an expert when using the concepts and knowledge of the field and is able to bring the knowledge to the group as well as to organize the group's activities. The student knows the principles and the factors influencing the basic methods of genetics. The student is able to explain in detail the most common applications in diagnostics. The student is to apply the acquired knowledge in professional tasks and is able to justify the decisions through theory and literature. The student is well acquainted with the ethical issues and legislation of the field.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- can collect and handle various samples, evaluate their validity and ensure correct preanalytical conditions
- can operate the main information systems in the training laboratory
- knows the principles of the most common analysers
- understands validation rules and applies them to evaluate the reliability of the results
- understands the calibration and quality control procedures and the principles of autovalidation
- can apply theoretical knowledge of haematology in the analysis process
- knows the analysis process of bone marrow aspirates and can handle and make high-quality preparations
- can operate analysers and perform manual analysis when necessary
- is able to report the results of haematological tests in accordance with the guidelines
- can work as a member of a team and follow the rules of the work community
- can take into consideration ergonomics, occupational safety and ethical and economic aspects in his/her professional and social situations

Content (course unit)

Supervised training includes working in various tasks of haematology, according to learning objectives.
The content of the supervised training can vary depending on the training placement.

Prerequisites (course unit)

Before the beginning of the professional training, all earlier studies in Clinical Haematology must be passed.

Further information (course unit)

The study module is carried out as a practical training in the clinical laboratories of hospitals.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

Approved
The student
- can apply the acquired theoretical knowledge while participating in the work of the haematology laboratory.
- works carefully, systematically, safely, aseptically and economically.
- knows the analysis process of bone marrow aspirates
- can perform haematological examinations with analysers and by manual methods.
- can evaluate the reliability of the results and consider the need for further action.
- participates in the training as an active and responsible member of the work community.
- can evaluate their own professional development during the period.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- can collect and handle various samples, evaluate their validity and ensure correct preanalytical conditions
- can operate the main information systems in the training laboratory
- knows the principles of the most common analysers
- understands validation rules and applies them to evaluate the reliability of the results
- understands the calibration and quality control procedures and the principles of autovalidation
- can apply theoretical knowledge of haematology in the analysis process
- knows the analysis process of bone marrow aspirates and can handle and make high-quality preparations
- can operate analysers and perform manual analysis when necessary
- is able to report the results of haematological tests in accordance with the guidelines
- can work as a member of a team and follow the rules of the work community
- can take into consideration ergonomics, occupational safety and ethical and economic aspects in his/her professional and social situations

Content (course unit)

Supervised training includes working in various tasks of haematology, according to learning objectives.
The content of the supervised training can vary depending on the training placement.

Prerequisites (course unit)

Before the beginning of the professional training, all earlier studies in Clinical Haematology must be passed.

Further information (course unit)

The study module is carried out as a practical training in the clinical laboratories of hospitals.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

Approved
The student
- can apply the acquired theoretical knowledge while participating in the work of the haematology laboratory.
- works carefully, systematically, safely, aseptically and economically.
- knows the analysis process of bone marrow aspirates
- can perform haematological examinations with analysers and by manual methods.
- can evaluate the reliability of the results and consider the need for further action.
- participates in the training as an active and responsible member of the work community.
- can evaluate their own professional development during the period.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- can collect and handle various samples, evaluate their validity and ensure correct preanalytical conditions
- can operate the main information systems in the training laboratory
- knows the principles of the most common analysers
- understands validation rules and applies them to evaluate the reliability of the results
- understands the calibration and quality control procedures and the principles of autovalidation
- can apply theoretical knowledge of haematology in the analysis process
- knows the analysis process of bone marrow aspirates and can handle and make high-quality preparations
- can operate analysers and perform manual analysis when necessary
- is able to report the results of haematological tests in accordance with the guidelines
- can work as a member of a team and follow the rules of the work community
- can take into consideration ergonomics, occupational safety and ethical and economic aspects in his/her professional and social situations

Content (course unit)

Supervised training includes working in various tasks of haematology, according to learning objectives.
The content of the supervised training can vary depending on the training placement.

Prerequisites (course unit)

Before the beginning of the professional training, all earlier studies in Clinical Haematology must be passed.

Further information (course unit)

The study module is carried out as a practical training in the clinical laboratories of hospitals.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

Approved
The student
- can apply the acquired theoretical knowledge while participating in the work of the haematology laboratory.
- works carefully, systematically, safely, aseptically and economically.
- knows the analysis process of bone marrow aspirates
- can perform haematological examinations with analysers and by manual methods.
- can evaluate the reliability of the results and consider the need for further action.
- participates in the training as an active and responsible member of the work community.
- can evaluate their own professional development during the period.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- collect and handle various samples, evaluate their validity and ensure correct preanalytical conditions
- use the main laboratory systems of the training place
- know the analysis and operating principles of the most common analysers and automation lines in laboratory production
- interpret the information provided by the laboratory information systems
- understand the validation rules of the results and apply them to evaluate the reliability of the results and possible follow-up actions
- understand the calibration and control practices used in the quality management of the training laboratory and the principles of auto-validation
- apply theoretical knowledge of clinical chemistry at different stages of the analysis process and in evaluating the test results
- use the most common analysers and manual methods
- evaluate the quality of the samples, perform analysis and report results of laboratory tests in accordance with the guidelines
- work as a member of a team, following the rules of the work community
- pay attention to occupational safety, ergonomics, and ethical and economic aspects in their work and interaction situations

Content (course unit)

Supervised training includes working in a clinical chemistry laboratory. The content of the training can vary depending on the training placement.

Prerequisites (course unit)

Prior to the commencement of professional training, all pre-clinical studies in Clinical Chemistry must be passed.

Further information (course unit)

The course is implemented as a practical training in clinical laboratories of hospitals as a professional training, supervised practice.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student is able to
- work carefully, systematically, safely, aseptically and economically
- evaluate the validity of the sample
- know the principles of basic automation, calibrations and controls and is able to perform the necessary maintenance
- know the manual methods used in production
- identify urine particles independently at basic level, identify also some advanced level findings and perform potential quick tests
- handle body fluid samples correctly and perform cell and particle counts using a Burker chamber
- evaluate the reliability of test results and the need for possible reanalysis and further actions
- perform different stages of quality assurance
- show initiative, ability to cooperate and interest in professional development
- operate according to agreed procedures and take responsibility for his/her actions
- evaluate realistically their own activities and take advantage of received feedback

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- collect and handle various samples, evaluate their validity and ensure correct preanalytical conditions
- use the main laboratory systems of the training place
- know the analysis and operating principles of the most common analysers and automation lines in laboratory production
- interpret the information provided by the laboratory information systems
- understand the validation rules of the results and apply them to evaluate the reliability of the results and possible follow-up actions
- understand the calibration and control practices used in the quality management of the training laboratory and the principles of auto-validation
- apply theoretical knowledge of clinical chemistry at different stages of the analysis process and in evaluating the test results
- use the most common analysers and manual methods
- evaluate the quality of the samples, perform analysis and report results of laboratory tests in accordance with the guidelines
- work as a member of a team, following the rules of the work community
- pay attention to occupational safety, ergonomics, and ethical and economic aspects in their work and interaction situations

Content (course unit)

Supervised training includes working in a clinical chemistry laboratory. The content of the training can vary depending on the training placement.

Prerequisites (course unit)

Prior to the commencement of professional training, all pre-clinical studies in Clinical Chemistry must be passed.

Further information (course unit)

The course is implemented as a practical training in clinical laboratories of hospitals as a professional training, supervised practice.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student is able to
- work carefully, systematically, safely, aseptically and economically
- evaluate the validity of the sample
- know the principles of basic automation, calibrations and controls and is able to perform the necessary maintenance
- know the manual methods used in production
- identify urine particles independently at basic level, identify also some advanced level findings and perform potential quick tests
- handle body fluid samples correctly and perform cell and particle counts using a Burker chamber
- evaluate the reliability of test results and the need for possible reanalysis and further actions
- perform different stages of quality assurance
- show initiative, ability to cooperate and interest in professional development
- operate according to agreed procedures and take responsibility for his/her actions
- evaluate realistically their own activities and take advantage of received feedback

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- collect and handle various samples, evaluate their validity and ensure correct preanalytical conditions
- use the main laboratory systems of the training place
- know the analysis and operating principles of the most common analysers and automation lines in laboratory production
- interpret the information provided by the laboratory information systems
- understand the validation rules of the results and apply them to evaluate the reliability of the results and possible follow-up actions
- understand the calibration and control practices used in the quality management of the training laboratory and the principles of auto-validation
- apply theoretical knowledge of clinical chemistry at different stages of the analysis process and in evaluating the test results
- use the most common analysers and manual methods
- evaluate the quality of the samples, perform analysis and report results of laboratory tests in accordance with the guidelines
- work as a member of a team, following the rules of the work community
- pay attention to occupational safety, ergonomics, and ethical and economic aspects in their work and interaction situations

Content (course unit)

Supervised training includes working in a clinical chemistry laboratory. The content of the training can vary depending on the training placement.

Prerequisites (course unit)

Prior to the commencement of professional training, all pre-clinical studies in Clinical Chemistry must be passed.

Further information (course unit)

The course is implemented as a practical training in clinical laboratories of hospitals as a professional training, supervised practice.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student is able to
- work carefully, systematically, safely, aseptically and economically
- evaluate the validity of the sample
- know the principles of basic automation, calibrations and controls and is able to perform the necessary maintenance
- know the manual methods used in production
- identify urine particles independently at basic level, identify also some advanced level findings and perform potential quick tests
- handle body fluid samples correctly and perform cell and particle counts using a Burker chamber
- evaluate the reliability of test results and the need for possible reanalysis and further actions
- perform different stages of quality assurance
- show initiative, ability to cooperate and interest in professional development
- operate according to agreed procedures and take responsibility for his/her actions
- evaluate realistically their own activities and take advantage of received feedback

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- is able to carry out basic examinations in bacteriological diagnostics safely, reliably and economically and can explain the basics of his/her actions
- can describe the microbiological analysis process and its progress
- can evaluate preanalytic data, sample quality and quality factors of the analysis process in their work and in reporting the results of the analyses
- is familiar with the information systems and result reporting practices used in the laboratory
- is able to operate in a multidisciplinary work community and evaluate one's own skills
- is familiar with the clinical relevance of the laboratory results
- is familiar with monitoring and reporting practices for infectious diseases
- is able to guide clients and other health care professionals in the most common microbiological tests and sampling issues

Content (course unit)

Practice of bacteriological analysis process under supervision in one or two of the following bacteriological tasks (depending on the clinical training place): urine culture, pus culture (aerobic), blood culture. Additionally, if possible: drug susceptibility and resistance testing, automated workstations, culture media and/or PCR.

Assignments for practice:
Primary culture
Pure and spread culture
Identification and identification criteria for bacteria
Most common further analysis methods and stains
Susceptibility tests (performance, measurement, and reporting results)
Automation in clinical microbiology
Result-reporting practices and clinical significance of results
Follow-up and reporting practices concerning infectious diseases
Quality assessment methods
Occupational safety and economy
Work community skills

Prerequisites (course unit)

Participation in the module requires that Introduction to Clinical Microbiology 7B00EG26 and Bacteriology 7B00EG27 have been completed prior to the supervised practice.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes training in clinical microbiology laboratories under supervision.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student
- is able to perform basic bacteriological procedures under supervision
- is able to assess the validity of the sample
- is able to give instructions for collecting microbiological samples
- can work carefully, systematically, safely, aseptically and economically
- knows different culture and staining techniques and susceptibility tests
- knows the basic use of automation in bacteriology
- can identify the most common bacteria microscopically and macroscopically
- is able to select and perform the most common further analysis methods
- understands the basics of the progress of the microbiological research process
- knows the basics of giving results to microbiological analysis and is able to assess the clinical meaning of the result
- is able to perform different stages of microbiological quality assurance and to evaluate the reliability of the results
- is familiar with the preparation of media and the molecular biological methods of clinical microbiology
- is cooperative and shows initiative and interest in professional development
- works according to agreed practices and takes responsibility for his/her actions
- can realistically evaluate his/her activities and takes advantage of the feedback received

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- is able to carry out basic examinations in bacteriological diagnostics safely, reliably and economically and can explain the basics of his/her actions
- can describe the microbiological analysis process and its progress
- can evaluate preanalytic data, sample quality and quality factors of the analysis process in their work and in reporting the results of the analyses
- is familiar with the information systems and result reporting practices used in the laboratory
- is able to operate in a multidisciplinary work community and evaluate one's own skills
- is familiar with the clinical relevance of the laboratory results
- is familiar with monitoring and reporting practices for infectious diseases
- is able to guide clients and other health care professionals in the most common microbiological tests and sampling issues

Content (course unit)

Practice of bacteriological analysis process under supervision in one or two of the following bacteriological tasks (depending on the clinical training place): urine culture, pus culture (aerobic), blood culture. Additionally, if possible: drug susceptibility and resistance testing, automated workstations, culture media and/or PCR.

Assignments for practice:
Primary culture
Pure and spread culture
Identification and identification criteria for bacteria
Most common further analysis methods and stains
Susceptibility tests (performance, measurement, and reporting results)
Automation in clinical microbiology
Result-reporting practices and clinical significance of results
Follow-up and reporting practices concerning infectious diseases
Quality assessment methods
Occupational safety and economy
Work community skills

Prerequisites (course unit)

Participation in the module requires that Introduction to Clinical Microbiology 7B00EG26 and Bacteriology 7B00EG27 have been completed prior to the supervised practice.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes training in clinical microbiology laboratories under supervision.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student
- is able to perform basic bacteriological procedures under supervision
- is able to assess the validity of the sample
- is able to give instructions for collecting microbiological samples
- can work carefully, systematically, safely, aseptically and economically
- knows different culture and staining techniques and susceptibility tests
- knows the basic use of automation in bacteriology
- can identify the most common bacteria microscopically and macroscopically
- is able to select and perform the most common further analysis methods
- understands the basics of the progress of the microbiological research process
- knows the basics of giving results to microbiological analysis and is able to assess the clinical meaning of the result
- is able to perform different stages of microbiological quality assurance and to evaluate the reliability of the results
- is familiar with the preparation of media and the molecular biological methods of clinical microbiology
- is cooperative and shows initiative and interest in professional development
- works according to agreed practices and takes responsibility for his/her actions
- can realistically evaluate his/her activities and takes advantage of the feedback received

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- is able to carry out basic examinations in bacteriological diagnostics safely, reliably and economically and can explain the basics of his/her actions
- can describe the microbiological analysis process and its progress
- can evaluate preanalytic data, sample quality and quality factors of the analysis process in their work and in reporting the results of the analyses
- is familiar with the information systems and result reporting practices used in the laboratory
- is able to operate in a multidisciplinary work community and evaluate one's own skills
- is familiar with the clinical relevance of the laboratory results
- is familiar with monitoring and reporting practices for infectious diseases
- is able to guide clients and other health care professionals in the most common microbiological tests and sampling issues

Content (course unit)

Practice of bacteriological analysis process under supervision in one or two of the following bacteriological tasks (depending on the clinical training place): urine culture, pus culture (aerobic), blood culture. Additionally, if possible: drug susceptibility and resistance testing, automated workstations, culture media and/or PCR.

Assignments for practice:
Primary culture
Pure and spread culture
Identification and identification criteria for bacteria
Most common further analysis methods and stains
Susceptibility tests (performance, measurement, and reporting results)
Automation in clinical microbiology
Result-reporting practices and clinical significance of results
Follow-up and reporting practices concerning infectious diseases
Quality assessment methods
Occupational safety and economy
Work community skills

Prerequisites (course unit)

Participation in the module requires that Introduction to Clinical Microbiology 7B00EG26 and Bacteriology 7B00EG27 have been completed prior to the supervised practice.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes training in clinical microbiology laboratories under supervision.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student
- is able to perform basic bacteriological procedures under supervision
- is able to assess the validity of the sample
- is able to give instructions for collecting microbiological samples
- can work carefully, systematically, safely, aseptically and economically
- knows different culture and staining techniques and susceptibility tests
- knows the basic use of automation in bacteriology
- can identify the most common bacteria microscopically and macroscopically
- is able to select and perform the most common further analysis methods
- understands the basics of the progress of the microbiological research process
- knows the basics of giving results to microbiological analysis and is able to assess the clinical meaning of the result
- is able to perform different stages of microbiological quality assurance and to evaluate the reliability of the results
- is familiar with the preparation of media and the molecular biological methods of clinical microbiology
- is cooperative and shows initiative and interest in professional development
- works according to agreed practices and takes responsibility for his/her actions
- can realistically evaluate his/her activities and takes advantage of the feedback received

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- know the pre-analytical requirements and test indications for hormone tests, tumour marker tests, the most common vitamin and trace element tests and drug and narcotic tests
- explain the principles of the analytical methods used
- know the medical background and clinical relevance of the tests
- evaluate the reliability of laboratory results and analytical processes through EQA
- use professional literature and international articles
- work professionally in teams and produce professional information

Content (course unit)

Hormone tests, tumour marker tests, the most common vitamin and trace element tests, drug and narcotic tests, and their medical indications.
Sample quality assessment, preanalytics and sources of error.
Analytical methods and quality assessment.
Using research data.
Teamwork.

Prerequisites (course unit)

Participation in the course requires the completion of the following courses: Examining Enzymes, Lipids and Carbohydrate Metabolism 7B00EG22, Electrolytes, Blood Gases, Proteins and Waste Products 7B00EG23 and Cells and Particles of Urine, Body Fluid Analyses 7B00EG24.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes independent study, group work and seminar. At the end of the course there is an applied final exam.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows the main issues and identifies the most common pre-analytical and analytical error factors. Students need significant guidance and support in their assignments. The student needs support for the evaluation and interpretation of the quality monitoring results. Students look at things from their own perspective, but work with the group.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student knows the main issues and can explain the pre-analytical and analytical error factors. The student can apply the research data and justify his/her views.
The student can read the quality control results and explain them with justification. The student looks at things from a broader perspective and is active as a member of the group.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student knows the main issues and can analyse preanalytical and analytical error factors related to tests. The student can evaluate and apply the research data and justify his/her views.
The student can read and analyse the quality control results and explain them with justification. The student looks at things from a broader perspective and is active as a member of the group.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- know the pre-analytical requirements and test indications for hormone tests, tumour marker tests, the most common vitamin and trace element tests and drug and narcotic tests
- explain the principles of the analytical methods used
- know the medical background and clinical relevance of the tests
- evaluate the reliability of laboratory results and analytical processes through EQA
- use professional literature and international articles
- work professionally in teams and produce professional information

Content (course unit)

Hormone tests, tumour marker tests, the most common vitamin and trace element tests, drug and narcotic tests, and their medical indications.
Sample quality assessment, preanalytics and sources of error.
Analytical methods and quality assessment.
Using research data.
Teamwork.

Prerequisites (course unit)

Participation in the course requires the completion of the following courses: Examining Enzymes, Lipids and Carbohydrate Metabolism 7B00EG22, Electrolytes, Blood Gases, Proteins and Waste Products 7B00EG23 and Cells and Particles of Urine, Body Fluid Analyses 7B00EG24.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes independent study, group work and seminar. At the end of the course there is an applied final exam.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows the main issues and identifies the most common pre-analytical and analytical error factors. Students need significant guidance and support in their assignments. The student needs support for the evaluation and interpretation of the quality monitoring results. Students look at things from their own perspective, but work with the group.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student knows the main issues and can explain the pre-analytical and analytical error factors. The student can apply the research data and justify his/her views.
The student can read the quality control results and explain them with justification. The student looks at things from a broader perspective and is active as a member of the group.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student knows the main issues and can analyse preanalytical and analytical error factors related to tests. The student can evaluate and apply the research data and justify his/her views.
The student can read and analyse the quality control results and explain them with justification. The student looks at things from a broader perspective and is active as a member of the group.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- knows the most common mycobacteria, fungi, parasites and their properties
- knows the most common infectious diseases caused by mycobacteria, fungi and parasites
- can take representative mycobacteriological, mycological and parasitological samples and guide clients and other health care professionals in sample taking
- knows the preanalytical requirements and clinical relevance of mycobacteriological, mycological and parasitological analyses
- knows diagnostic methods of mycobacteriology, mycology and parasitology
- can implement and promote quality assurance in clinical microbiology
- is interested in developing his/her competence

Content (course unit)

Classification, common properties, structure, reproduction and growth requirements of mycobacteria, fungi, and parasites
Mycobacteria, fungi, and parasites as pathogens and the most common infectious diseases caused by them
Antimicrobic medication, their influence and resistance mechanisms
Prevention of diseases caused by mycobacteria, fungi, and parasites, and related vaccinations
Collection, processing, storage, and transportation of mycobacteriological, mycological and parasitological samples
Various identification methods of mycobacteria, fungi, and parasites
Occupational safety and aseptic working methods in mycobacteriology, mycology and parasitology
Quality assurance in clinical microbiology

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed Introduction to Clinical Microbiology 7B00EG26 and Bacteriology 7B00EG27 before this course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes clinical training in the university of applied sciences' teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student recognizes and names the principles and clinical use of key mycobacterial fungal and parasitic studies. The student performs the sampling of these studies using instructions. He/she knows the basics of sample preparation, cultivation and staining. The student recognizes microscopically some of the most common mycobacterial, fungal and parasitic findings. The student recognizes the most important automation and culture findings and knows about further research. They are able to define some of the principles of quality management and to identify occupational safety factors.
Students work in a group and take responsibility for their learning. The student is able to identify and describe ways of working.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student is able to explain the principles and clinical use of the most important mycobacterial fungal and parasitic studies. The student is able to collect the necessary samples for these studies and direct others in sample collection. He/she can explain the basics of sample preparation, cultivation and staining. The student recognizes microscopically some of the most common mycobacterial, fungal and parasitic findings and is able to compare findings. The student recognizes the most important automation and culture findings and can justify the selection of further studies. He / she is able to define some of the principles of quality management and to apply the occupational safety guidelines. The student is responsible and committed to the group's activities. The student can describe and evaluate the working methods.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student understands the principles and clinical use of key mycobacterial fungal and parasitic studies. The student is able to collect the necessary samples for these studies and direct others in sample collection, justifying the procedures. They are able to produce, cultivate and stain samples and justify their solutions. The student recognizes mycobacterial, fungal and parasitic findings microscopically and is able to justify his identification criteria. The student recognizes the findings of automation and cultivation and is able to justify further studies. The student knows the clinical significance of the findings. He/she can evaluate and apply the principles of quality management of methods and occupational safety factors. The student works in a responsible, committed, flexible and constructive manner. The student reviews and evaluates the methods in a broad and proactive manner.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- knows the most common mycobacteria, fungi, parasites and their properties
- knows the most common infectious diseases caused by mycobacteria, fungi and parasites
- can take representative mycobacteriological, mycological and parasitological samples and guide clients and other health care professionals in sample taking
- knows the preanalytical requirements and clinical relevance of mycobacteriological, mycological and parasitological analyses
- knows diagnostic methods of mycobacteriology, mycology and parasitology
- can implement and promote quality assurance in clinical microbiology
- is interested in developing his/her competence

Content (course unit)

Classification, common properties, structure, reproduction and growth requirements of mycobacteria, fungi, and parasites
Mycobacteria, fungi, and parasites as pathogens and the most common infectious diseases caused by them
Antimicrobic medication, their influence and resistance mechanisms
Prevention of diseases caused by mycobacteria, fungi, and parasites, and related vaccinations
Collection, processing, storage, and transportation of mycobacteriological, mycological and parasitological samples
Various identification methods of mycobacteria, fungi, and parasites
Occupational safety and aseptic working methods in mycobacteriology, mycology and parasitology
Quality assurance in clinical microbiology

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed Introduction to Clinical Microbiology 7B00EG26 and Bacteriology 7B00EG27 before this course.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes clinical training in the university of applied sciences' teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student recognizes and names the principles and clinical use of key mycobacterial fungal and parasitic studies. The student performs the sampling of these studies using instructions. He/she knows the basics of sample preparation, cultivation and staining. The student recognizes microscopically some of the most common mycobacterial, fungal and parasitic findings. The student recognizes the most important automation and culture findings and knows about further research. They are able to define some of the principles of quality management and to identify occupational safety factors.
Students work in a group and take responsibility for their learning. The student is able to identify and describe ways of working.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student is able to explain the principles and clinical use of the most important mycobacterial fungal and parasitic studies. The student is able to collect the necessary samples for these studies and direct others in sample collection. He/she can explain the basics of sample preparation, cultivation and staining. The student recognizes microscopically some of the most common mycobacterial, fungal and parasitic findings and is able to compare findings. The student recognizes the most important automation and culture findings and can justify the selection of further studies. He / she is able to define some of the principles of quality management and to apply the occupational safety guidelines. The student is responsible and committed to the group's activities. The student can describe and evaluate the working methods.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student understands the principles and clinical use of key mycobacterial fungal and parasitic studies. The student is able to collect the necessary samples for these studies and direct others in sample collection, justifying the procedures. They are able to produce, cultivate and stain samples and justify their solutions. The student recognizes mycobacterial, fungal and parasitic findings microscopically and is able to justify his identification criteria. The student recognizes the findings of automation and cultivation and is able to justify further studies. The student knows the clinical significance of the findings. He/she can evaluate and apply the principles of quality management of methods and occupational safety factors. The student works in a responsible, committed, flexible and constructive manner. The student reviews and evaluates the methods in a broad and proactive manner.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- is familiar with microbial structures, general properties and factors affecting their growth and reproduction.
- has a basic knowledge of disease-causing microbes and infectious diseases, as well as their prevention and treatment.
- is familiar with the general principles of microbiological analysis process and sampling and the most common microbial detection methods. -- is familiar with the legislation and licensing practices governing microbiological laboratory.
- knows how to perform Gram stain, knows its principle and purpose and can identify key findings in microscopy of staining.
- knows how to perform microbiological work safely.

Content (course unit)

Microbes, their structure, properties and classification
Concepts of clinical microbiology
Occurrence of microbes, the most common infectious diseases caused by them, their prevention and care
Taking of microbiological samples and preanalytics (general principles)
General laboratory diagnostics principles for microbe recognition
Analytical process in clinical microbiology
Principles of Gram stain, its performance, basics of interpretation, meaning for patient care, and quality assurance
Safety in microbiological work
Licence practice, infectious diseases legislation, and organization for prevention of infectious diseases in Finland

Prerequisites (course unit)

The course must be completed before the specialization courses in Bacteriology 7B00EG27 and Clinical Microbiology 7B00EG28.

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the most common microbes and infectious diseases as well as their prevention and treatment. The student is familiar with the main aspects of the microbiological analysis process and with some of the most common microbial detection methods as well as the main points of the most common microbiological samples. The student is able to control Gram staining, knows its principle and purpose and can identify some key findings in microscopy of staining. The student is able to work safely and aseptically in microbiology laboratories. The student works in the group, takes responsibility for his / her own performance, receives feedback and recognizes important practices in the field.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student is able to explain and sort microbes and infectious diseases as well as their prevention and treatment. The student can outline the microbiological research process and the most common microbial detection methods and knows how to take the most common microbiological samples. He/she can name the legislation and licensing practices that regulate microbiological activity. The student knows how to perform Gram staining, explains its principle and purpose, and identifies findings in microscopy of staining. Students are able to work safely and aseptically in microbiology laboratories and apply the procedures they have learned. The student acts responsibly in the group and commits not only to his/her own activities but also to the activities of the group and follows important operating methods in the field.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student understands microbes and infectious diseases and can compare their prevention and treatment. The student understands the microbiological research process and microbial detection methods and knows how to take the most common microbiological samples. He/she understands the legislation and licensing practices governing microbiological activity. The student is able to perform Gram staining, understands its principle and purpose, and identifies findings in microscopy of staining in a reliable and versatile way and is able to consider the possibilities of error. The student is able to justify his/her performance and apply his/her knowledge in practice. The student is able to work safely and aseptically in microbiology laboratories and evaluate different ways of working. The student is responsible, committed, flexible and constructive in the group. Students examine and evaluate themselves and the overall work. The student evaluates ways of working and alternative solutions.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- guide the patient to clinical neurophysiological examinations taking into consideration the preparation instructions
- know the basic theory of EEG registration
- evaluate the quality of EEG registration
- understand the basics of evoked response studies and neuromuscular system examinations
- know the basics of sleep studies
- look after patient safety
- deepen his/her knowledge of patient examinations

Content (course unit)

Clinical Neurophysiology (2 cr)
Electrical activity of the brain and recording of brain activity
Function and recording of the peripheral nervous system
Sleep studies
Evoked response studies
Patient safety

Patient examination seminar (1 cr)
Final assignment on clinical physiological and neurophysiological examinations based on literature

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed Examination of the Heart and Circulation 7B00EG34 and Pulmonary Function Tests, Nuclear Medicine Procedures and Radiation Protection 7B00EG35 before this course.

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student
- can define the basic concepts and explain the basic examinations related to the study module
- can apply the acquired knowledge in the performance of basic examinations in a limited way
- takes responsibility for his/her own performance
- participates satisfactorily in group tasks

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student
- analyses concepts related to the studies
- can apply the acquired knowledge in the performance of basic examinations
- works carefully, systematically and reliably
- takes responsibility and engages in both individual work and group activities
- participates in given tasks as a member of the group

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student
- analyses the relations between concepts related to clinical neurophysiology
- develops his/her own vocational know-how in a goal-oriented and diverse way
- can identify normal findings and the most common abnormalities
- participates in given tasks responsibly and constructively as a member of the group

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- guide the patient to clinical neurophysiological examinations taking into consideration the preparation instructions
- know the basic theory of EEG registration
- evaluate the quality of EEG registration
- understand the basics of evoked response studies and neuromuscular system examinations
- know the basics of sleep studies
- look after patient safety
- deepen his/her knowledge of patient examinations

Content (course unit)

Clinical Neurophysiology (2 cr)
Electrical activity of the brain and recording of brain activity
Function and recording of the peripheral nervous system
Sleep studies
Evoked response studies
Patient safety

Patient examination seminar (1 cr)
Final assignment on clinical physiological and neurophysiological examinations based on literature

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed Examination of the Heart and Circulation 7B00EG34 and Pulmonary Function Tests, Nuclear Medicine Procedures and Radiation Protection 7B00EG35 before this course.

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student
- can define the basic concepts and explain the basic examinations related to the study module
- can apply the acquired knowledge in the performance of basic examinations in a limited way
- takes responsibility for his/her own performance
- participates satisfactorily in group tasks

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student
- analyses concepts related to the studies
- can apply the acquired knowledge in the performance of basic examinations
- works carefully, systematically and reliably
- takes responsibility and engages in both individual work and group activities
- participates in given tasks as a member of the group

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student
- analyses the relations between concepts related to clinical neurophysiology
- develops his/her own vocational know-how in a goal-oriented and diverse way
- can identify normal findings and the most common abnormalities
- participates in given tasks responsibly and constructively as a member of the group

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The students
- know the principles of cytological sampling and can make cytological preparations
- know main reporting systems of cytological samples
- know cancer screening and its importance
- can evaluate cervical smears according to the Bethesda system
- know quality assurance and occupational safety factors in cytology

Content (course unit)

Cytological specimens, sampling and fixation
Preparation techniques for cytological samples
Papanicolaou staining, cytological criteria for malignance, Papanicolaou classification, and main reporting systems of cytological samples
Microscopy and digital evaluation of cervical smears according to the Bethesda system
Diagnostics of cervical cancer
Cancer screenings
Quality assurance in cytology and occupational safety

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed 7B00ET97 Anatomy and Physiology and 7B00EG29 Preparation of Tissue Sections and Recognition of Tissues before the course the Introduction to Clinical Cytology.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes clinical training in the university of applied sciences' teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows the principles of cytological sampling and can make cytological preparations under supervision. The student knows partially the main reporting systems of cytological samples and knows cancer screening and its importance in general. He/she can identify the main normal findings in Pap smear. The student knows quality assurance and occupational safety factors in cytology.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student knows the principles of cytological sampling and can make cytological preparations under supervision. The student knows the main reporting systems of cytological samples and knows cancer screening and its importance. He/she can identify the main normal findings in Pap smear. The student knows quality assurance and occupational safety factors in cytology.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student knows the principles of cytological sampling, can make cytological preparations and can evaluate her/his actions. The student knows the main reporting systems of cytological samples and knows cancer screening and its importance excellently. He/she can evaluate main findings in Pap smear according to Bethesda system. The student knows quality assurance and occupational safety factors in cytology.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The students
- know the principles of cytological sampling and can make cytological preparations
- know main reporting systems of cytological samples
- know cancer screening and its importance
- can evaluate cervical smears according to the Bethesda system
- know quality assurance and occupational safety factors in cytology

Content (course unit)

Cytological specimens, sampling and fixation
Preparation techniques for cytological samples
Papanicolaou staining, cytological criteria for malignance, Papanicolaou classification, and main reporting systems of cytological samples
Microscopy and digital evaluation of cervical smears according to the Bethesda system
Diagnostics of cervical cancer
Cancer screenings
Quality assurance in cytology and occupational safety

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed 7B00ET97 Anatomy and Physiology and 7B00EG29 Preparation of Tissue Sections and Recognition of Tissues before the course the Introduction to Clinical Cytology.

Further information (course unit)

The course includes clinical training in the university of applied sciences' teaching laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows the principles of cytological sampling and can make cytological preparations under supervision. The student knows partially the main reporting systems of cytological samples and knows cancer screening and its importance in general. He/she can identify the main normal findings in Pap smear. The student knows quality assurance and occupational safety factors in cytology.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student knows the principles of cytological sampling and can make cytological preparations under supervision. The student knows the main reporting systems of cytological samples and knows cancer screening and its importance. He/she can identify the main normal findings in Pap smear. The student knows quality assurance and occupational safety factors in cytology.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student knows the principles of cytological sampling, can make cytological preparations and can evaluate her/his actions. The student knows the main reporting systems of cytological samples and knows cancer screening and its importance excellently. He/she can evaluate main findings in Pap smear according to Bethesda system. The student knows quality assurance and occupational safety factors in cytology.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The students is able to
- work safely in a training lab
- have the basic working methods to work in experimental and clinical laboratory
- know the legislation and safety instructions governing laboratory work.
- take the sustainable development perspective into consideration.

Content (course unit)

Ergonomics, occupational safety and chemical regulations regarding laboratory work
Basic first aid in laboratory work
Working with written or oral instructions in the laboratory
The biological, physical and chemical hazards associated with laboratory work
Manufacturing and measuring solutions and common methods for transfer and solution analysis
Safety data sheets and their use
Basic equipment of the laboratory
Basic laboratory calculations
Critical evaluation and reporting of results

Prerequisites (course unit)

-

Further information (course unit)

The number of participants may need to be limited. TAMK's Bioanalyytics Students. Students of biotechnology and TUT biotechnology degree programs are the first choice in the selection of participants.
Teaching Language: Finnish

Obligatory participation in teaching, as well as workshops and work reports.
Examination and approved work reports to be submitted within one month of completion of the job or otherwise re-done.
Teaching Methods : Lectures, working in the Laboratory, Coursework, Personal Occupational Safety exam, and skill test( pair work).

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student
- works responsibly within the group
- performs the tasks according to the instructions given.
- knows on a general level the legislation and safety guidelines governing laboratory work and acts accordingly.
- has performed exercises and group assignments under guidance or assisted by other students.
- passes the course assessments.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student
- works responsibly within the group, gives and receives constructive feedback
- knows on a general level the legislation and safety guidelines governing laboratory work and applies them in their operations.
- works systematically and presents solutions to phenomena and problems
- is self-directed in his/her work, based on the given instructions.
- performs well in assessments.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student
- works responsibly and flexibly within the group.
- implements the principles of giving and receiving constructive feedback and uses it to support their own and their group's professional growth.
- can describe and justify solutions to phenomena and problems
- knows on a general level the legislation and safety instructions governing laboratory work.
- works systematically and in a self-directed way and can justify his/her activities.
- performs well in assessments.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

Satisfactory grade criteria are not met or the student has too many absences.

Assessment scale

Pass/Fail

Objectives (course unit)

MATHEMATICS
Student knows the basic mathematical notations and calculations required in laboratory work
CHEMISTRY
Student understands the most important basic concepts of chemistry and the foundation for the reactions and reagents’ attributes used in clinical chemistry
PHYSICS
Student understands the most important concepts of physics regarding clinical laboratory

Content (course unit)

MATHEMATICS
Scientific notation
Unit conversions (including units of concentration)
First-degree equations
Proportions
Percentage calculations
Graphs (especially lines: slope and interception)
Logarithm
CHEMISTRY
Definition and scope of chemistry
Periodic table
The main types of chemical bonding
Amount of Substance
Molar concentration, mass concentration, mass fraction, volume concentration
Dilution, serial dilution and dilution ratio
Chemical reactions and stoichiometry
The rate and equilibrium of chemical reactions
Brönstedt’s acid-base definition
The concept of pH
The concepts of strong and weak acids
Buffer solutions
PHYSICS
Quantum mechanics: electromagnetic waves and photons, absorption, prism, lattice, laser, paramagnetic substance
Hydrostatic pressure, viscosity, capillary rise, osmosis
States of matter, phase transitions, expansion and contraction
Optics: reflection and refraction, microscope

Prerequisites (course unit)

-

Further information (course unit)

Evaluation methods
Evaluation is based on score for space and final evaluation, emphasis and minimum scores are informed during the realisation.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student can perform simple, practical calculations, define some related terms and answer some theoretical questions.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the previous criteria the student can calculate more difficult sums and answer theoretical questions more extensively.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the previous criteria the student can answer theoretical questions comprehensively.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- know the principles of microscopy and to use a microscope
- perform a cell count using a Bürker chamber
- know the pre-analytical factors and test indications of urine cell count and the most common body fluid tests
- know the clinical significance of urine cell count findings
- know the criteria for identifying urine cells and particles
- identify and name these findings under a microscope
- know the principles of quality control

Content (course unit)

Microscopy
Cell-chamber counting
Body fluid analyses
Urine cell count
Microscopic analysis of urine cells and particles
Quality control and assessment

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student has attended all practical training sessions and has performed all the practice exercises under supervision. The student knows the preanalytical factors of body fluid tests but has limited knowledge of the theoretical content of the module. The student knows the basic principles of cell counting and can perform cell counts under supervision. The student can microscopically identify leucocytes, erythrocytes, small epithelial cells, squamous epithelial cells and yeast at a basic level. The student can identify tubular cells and urinary casts under supervision. The student can identify urine microscopy findings only partially when using a microscope independently.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student has attended all practical training sessions and has participated actively. The student can perform the practice exercises almost independently and can justify his/her decisions. The student knows the preanalytical factors of body fluid tests and can explain their significance. The student has a good command of the theoretical content of the module and can analyse the theoretical knowledge related to the subject. The student knows the principles of cell counting and can perform relevant calculations. The student can microscopically identify leucocytes, erythrocytes, small epithelial cells, squamous epithelial cells and yeast at a basic level and can identify tubular cells and urinary casts. The student can identify almost all urine microscopy findings when using a microscope independently.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student has attended all practical training sessions and has participated actively. The student can perform the practice exercises independently, justify his/her decisions and solve problems that may arise. The student knows the preanalytical factors of body fluid tests and can explain their significance. The student has an excellent command of the theoretical content of the module. The student is thoroughly familiar with the principles of cell counting and can perform relevant calculations skilfully. The student can microscopically identify leucocytes, erythrocytes, small epithelial cells, squamous epithelial cells and yeast at a basic level and can identify tubular cells and urinary casts. The student can identify all urine microscopy findings when using a microscope independently and can justify his/her decisions.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- explain the key methods used in molecular biology and perform practical exercises under supervision
- describe the basics of recombinant DNA technology and its main applications
- describe the steps of nucleic acid purification
- describe the basics of amplification methods
- understand the basics of hybridization and sequencing methods

Content (course unit)

Molecular biology, isolation and purification of nucleic acids, amplification methods, electrophoresis
Recombinant DNA technology
Hybridization and sequencing methods
Key methods and applications used in diagnostics, research and biotechnology
Human genome, chromosomes, gene structure and expression, mutation types

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student knows how to find information on the subject and is able to share the knowledge in the group. The student demonstrates that he/she has achieved the goals of the core competences of the course. The student knows the basic methods of molecular biology and knows their most common applications in diagnostics, research and biotechnology. The student is familiar with the ethical issues and legislation in the field. The student is able to perform common molecular biology methods in the laboratory with guidance and knows the working safety of the laboratory.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student is able to search for information and critically use the resources. The student is able to bring his / her knowledge to the group. The student is able to use concepts and information in the field consistently. The student knows the principles of the basic methods of molecular biology and knows about the factors that influence them. The student is able to explain the most important research methods and the most common applications in diagnostics, research and biotechnology, and is able to apply the acquired knowledge in professional tasks. The student knows about the ethical issues and legislation in the field. The student is able to apply the most basic molecular biology methods in the laboratory with guidance and is be able to act responsibly, and plan the laboratory activities considering working safety.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student is an expert when using the concepts and knowledge of the field and is able to bring the knowledge to the group as well as to organize the group's activities. The student knows the principles and the factors influencing the basic methods of molecular biology. The student is able to explain in detail the most important research methods and the most common applications in diagnostics, research and biotechnology. The student is to apply the acquired knowledge in professional tasks and is able to justify the decisions through theory and literature. The student is well acquainted with the ethical issues and legislation of the field. The student is able to apply the most common molecular biology methods in the laboratory, to work responsibly and to plan the laboratory activities safely.

Exam schedules

Two midterm exams or a final exam of the whole course. Retake exams in Exam. Dates are to be agreed during the first lesson.

Assessment methods and criteria

The course is evaluated by the mandatory exams and assignments. The laboratory work course is also mandatory for passing the course.
All parts of the course (exams, assignments, laboratory work) must be passed for the grade. Exams must be passed (50 % of the points equals to T1).

Assessment scale

0-5

Teaching methods

Lectures, group work, independent work (written assignments), laboratory exercises.

Learning materials

Aittomäki ym. (toim.) Lääketieteellinen genetiikka. 2016. Duodecim.
Suominen, Pärssinen, Haajanen, and Pelkonen. Geenitekniikka. 2013 ed. or earlier. Turku University of Applied Sciences.
Material in Moodle. Student's own materials.

Student workload

Contact lessons 48 h of which 18 h of laboratory work. Independent work 86 h.

Content scheduling

In Moodle.

Completion alternatives

-

Practical training and working life cooperation

-

International connections

-

Further information

The course is lectured in Finnish.

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- is able to apply the skills obtained from the study modules of Molecular Biology and Genetics as well as Cell Culture Methods and Clean Room Work when working in the laboratory of molecular genetics
- acquires basic skills for working in a molecular biology laboratory by working in a clean room, practicing pipetting of small volumes, working at different workstations in the molecular biology laboratory and by evaluating the reliability of the results
- becomes familiar with automation in molecular biology
- is able to evaluate the reliability and quality of molecular biological tests

Content (course unit)

For example, detection of Chlamydia, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes viruses
Automation in molecular biology
Evaluation of test results

Prerequisites (course unit)

The study modules of Molecular Biology and Genetics 7B00EG32 and Cell Culture Methods and Clean Room Work 7B00EG33 must be completed before starting the practical training.

Further information (course unit)

The supervised practical training in the molecular biology laboratory is an alternative to training in microbiology or pathology laboratories.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student
- is able to conduct essential molecular biology tests under supervision
- is able to pipette small volumes reliably, and work aseptically in a clean room
- is able to evaluate the molecular biology-based test results under supervision
- is cooperative and shows initiative and interest in professional development
- works according to agreed practices and takes responsibility for his/her actions
- can realistically evaluate his/her activities and takes advantage of the feedback received

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- is able to apply the skills obtained from the study modules of Molecular Biology and Genetics as well as Cell Culture Methods and Clean Room Work when working in the laboratory of molecular genetics
- acquires basic skills for working in a molecular biology laboratory by working in a clean room, practicing pipetting of small volumes, working at different workstations in the molecular biology laboratory and by evaluating the reliability of the results
- becomes familiar with automation in molecular biology
- is able to evaluate the reliability and quality of molecular biological tests

Content (course unit)

For example, detection of Chlamydia, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes viruses
Automation in molecular biology
Evaluation of test results

Prerequisites (course unit)

The study modules of Molecular Biology and Genetics 7B00EG32 and Cell Culture Methods and Clean Room Work 7B00EG33 must be completed before starting the practical training.

Further information (course unit)

The supervised practical training in the molecular biology laboratory is an alternative to training in microbiology or pathology laboratories.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student
- is able to conduct essential molecular biology tests under supervision
- is able to pipette small volumes reliably, and work aseptically in a clean room
- is able to evaluate the molecular biology-based test results under supervision
- is cooperative and shows initiative and interest in professional development
- works according to agreed practices and takes responsibility for his/her actions
- can realistically evaluate his/her activities and takes advantage of the feedback received

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- is able to apply the skills obtained from the study modules of Molecular Biology and Genetics as well as Cell Culture Methods and Clean Room Work when working in the laboratory of molecular genetics
- acquires basic skills for working in a molecular biology laboratory by working in a clean room, practicing pipetting of small volumes, working at different workstations in the molecular biology laboratory and by evaluating the reliability of the results
- becomes familiar with automation in molecular biology
- is able to evaluate the reliability and quality of molecular biological tests

Content (course unit)

For example, detection of Chlamydia, Cytomegalovirus and Herpes viruses
Automation in molecular biology
Evaluation of test results

Prerequisites (course unit)

The study modules of Molecular Biology and Genetics 7B00EG32 and Cell Culture Methods and Clean Room Work 7B00EG33 must be completed before starting the practical training.

Further information (course unit)

The supervised practical training in the molecular biology laboratory is an alternative to training in microbiology or pathology laboratories.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student
- is able to conduct essential molecular biology tests under supervision
- is able to pipette small volumes reliably, and work aseptically in a clean room
- is able to evaluate the molecular biology-based test results under supervision
- is cooperative and shows initiative and interest in professional development
- works according to agreed practices and takes responsibility for his/her actions
- can realistically evaluate his/her activities and takes advantage of the feedback received

Assessment scale

0-5

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

Students
- produce a finished thesis report and other thesis-related material as regards style and layout
- report, justify and assess thesis-related research methods, implementation and results in accordance with TAMK’s guidelines and research-ethical principles
- present and defend their thesis professionally and in a theoretically justified manner
- give constructive feedback as a peer reviewer
- can communicate in a matter-of-fact style in Finnish, Swedish or English in accordance with the thesis requirements

Content (course unit)

Course is accepted when at least publication of the written report is published, plagiarism check and maturity test accepted.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

Assessment criteria can be found from TAMK's web pages: https://intra.tuni.fi/en/handbook?page=3104
General rating of thesis will be given in the end of the process.

Course is accepted when the theses has been published along TAMK's guidelines, plagiarism has been checked, maturity test and other assignments agreed in the degree programme have been accepted.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

Assessment criteria can be found from TAMK's web pages: https://intra.tuni.fi/en/handbook?page=3104
General rating of thesis will be given in the end of the process.

Course is accepted when the theses has been published along TAMK's guidelines, plagiarism has been checked, maturity test and other assignments agreed in the degree programme have been accepted.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

Assessment criteria can be found from TAMK's web pages: https://intra.tuni.fi/en/handbook?page=3104
General rating of thesis will be given in the end of the process.

Course is accepted when the theses has been published along TAMK's guidelines, plagiarism has been checked, maturity test and other assignments agreed in the degree programme have been accepted.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- produce a professional-looking thesis report and other related materials
- express themselves in formal Finnish according to the thesis requirements
- present and defend the thesis professionally and justify it theoretically
- give constructive feedback in peer review
- write a maturity test based on the thesis according to instructions

Content (course unit)

Preparation of the thesis report and scientific writing
Presentation and defence of the thesis
Self-assessment and peer-assessment
Maturity test
Poster presentation

Further information (course unit)

Bachelor thesis is assessed according to evaluation criteria of Bachelor thesis in Tampere University of Applied Sciences.
Student gets the performance note of the study module:
- returned the accepted dissertation
- the dissertation has gone through a plagiarism identification acceptably
- student has presented his/her work and participated in the seminar and made evaluations
- written the maturity test
- student has drawn up the poster and has participated in TAMK - Examine and develope day.
- student has taken the dissertation to the library or the Theseus network portal

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

Approved:
The student
- presents his/her Bachelor’s thesis in the seminar
- acts as a peer reviewer for another student’s Bachelor’s thesis
- participates actively in the Bachelor’s thesis seminars of her/his own group
- passes a maturity test
- prepares a poster about the Bachelor’s thesis
- returns the finished Bachelor’s thesis through Urkund to the supervising lecturer

Failed:
The student
- doesn’t present his/her Bachelor’s thesis in the seminar or doesn’t act as a peer reviewer for another student’s Bachelor’s thesis
- doesn’t participate in Bachelor’s thesis seminars
- doesn’t pass a maturity test
- doesn’t prepare a poster about the Bachelor’s thesis
- doesn’t return the finished Bachelor’s thesis through Urkund to the supervising lecturer

The Bachelor’s thesis is assessed according to the evaluation criteria for Bachelor’s theses in Tampere University of Applied Sciences.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

Students
- can use national and international information sources in planning their bachelor’s thesis
- can use applicable information critically
- know copyrights and respect them
- can consider research-related and field-specific ethical principles
- can select and define a working life oriented thesis topic which supports their learning
- can make a thesis plan in accordance with TAMK’s thesis guidelines and justify their choices
- know applicable research methods of the field of education
- can choose suitable data collection and analysis methods for the thesis
- know the meaning of evidence-based operation in the field of education

Content (course unit)

Course is accepted when at least thesis plan and thesis contract or permit are accepted.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

Assessment criteria can be found from TAMK's web pages: https://intra.tuni.fi/en/handbook?page=3104
General rating of thesis will be given in the end of the process.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

Assessment criteria can be found from TAMK's web pages: https://intra.tuni.fi/en/handbook?page=3104
General rating of thesis will be given in the end of the process.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

Assessment criteria can be found from TAMK's web pages: https://intra.tuni.fi/en/handbook?page=3104
General rating of thesis will be given in the end of the process.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

Students
- can use national and international information sources in planning their bachelor’s thesis
- can use applicable information critically
- know copyrights and respect them
- can consider research-related and field-specific ethical principles
- can select and define a working life oriented thesis topic which supports their learning
- can make a thesis plan in accordance with TAMK’s thesis guidelines and justify their choices
- know applicable research methods of the field of education
- can choose suitable data collection and analysis methods for the thesis
- know the meaning of evidence-based operation in the field of education

Content (course unit)

Course is accepted when at least thesis plan and thesis contract or permit are accepted.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

Assessment criteria can be found from TAMK's web pages: https://intra.tuni.fi/en/handbook?page=3104
General rating of thesis will be given in the end of the process.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

Assessment criteria can be found from TAMK's web pages: https://intra.tuni.fi/en/handbook?page=3104
General rating of thesis will be given in the end of the process.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

Assessment criteria can be found from TAMK's web pages: https://intra.tuni.fi/en/handbook?page=3104
General rating of thesis will be given in the end of the process.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

Students
- can apply an appropriate research approach in their thesis
- can implement their thesis as planned
- can use supervision during their thesis process
- can follow ethical principles during their thesis process

Content (course unit)

Course is accepted when at least empirical, theoretical and / or operational part has been implemented.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

Assessment criteria can be found from TAMK's web pages: https://intra.tuni.fi/en/handbook?page=3104
General rating of thesis will be given in the end of the process.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

Assessment criteria can be found from TAMK's web pages: https://intra.tuni.fi/en/handbook?page=3104
General rating of thesis will be given in the end of the process.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

Assessment criteria can be found from TAMK's web pages: https://intra.tuni.fi/en/handbook?page=3104
General rating of thesis will be given in the end of the process.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student will
- be aware of the general rules for studying at TAMK
- know TAMK’s services to support professional learning processes
- know learning environments and know what to do in different situations
- use Tampere University of Applied Sciences’ online services, and other necessary information technology
- know the campus library, and be able to use TAMK library services and information resources
- know the principles of learning promotion and cooperation
- know the profession of Biomedical Laboratory Scientist as a part of social and health care sector
- maintain their own individual study plan and actively monitor their learning and growth to expertise

Content (course unit)

Tampere University of Applied Sciences, TAMK
Degree Programme in Biomedical Laboratory Science and curriculum
Degree and disciplinary regulations, and other regulations
Services provided by TAMK for students
TAMK library services
Basic ICT skills and information seeking
Studying at TAMK, information networks as a support for learning
Special characteristics of studying at TAMK and the social and health care profession
Biomedical laboratory scientist's work in the worklife

Prerequisites (course unit)

-

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

Students are able to work in TAMK´s learning environments and to apply their own individual study plan as a support for learning. Students participate in the operation of the group.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- can apply her/his theoretical knowledge to duties in pathology laboratory
- has an overall view on the activity of pathology laboratory
- is able to prepare histology and cytology specimen preparations under supervision
- can identify the results of the main histological stainings and normal findings of Pap smear
- acts ethically and assesses the quality of her/his action
- participates in the training as an active and responsible member of the work community
- can assess her/his professional development during training

Content (course unit)

Preparation of histology and cytology specimens on microscope slides.
Familiarisation with frozen section procedure.
Performing common stainings according to instructions and quality assurance of staining.
Findings of normal Pap smear.
Quality assurance, occupational safety and waste management in pathology laboratory.
Operating in a work community, interaction, ethicality, professional confidentiality and data protection.

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed Preparation of Tissue Sections and Recognition of Tissues, and Introduction to Clinical Cytology and Histological Stains, Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Pathology before the course.

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student
- can apply her/his theoretical knowledge to duties in pathology laboratory.
- is able to prepare histological and cytological specimen preparations.
- can identify the results of the main histological stainings and normal findings of Pap smear.
- acts ethically and is able to assess the quality of her/his actions.
- participates in training as an active and responsible member in work community.
- can assess her/his professional development during training.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- can apply her/his theoretical knowledge to duties in pathology laboratory
- has an overall view on the activity of pathology laboratory
- is able to prepare histology and cytology specimen preparations under supervision
- can identify the results of the main histological stainings and normal findings of Pap smear
- acts ethically and assesses the quality of her/his action
- participates in the training as an active and responsible member of the work community
- can assess her/his professional development during training

Content (course unit)

Preparation of histology and cytology specimens on microscope slides.
Familiarisation with frozen section procedure.
Performing common stainings according to instructions and quality assurance of staining.
Findings of normal Pap smear.
Quality assurance, occupational safety and waste management in pathology laboratory.
Operating in a work community, interaction, ethicality, professional confidentiality and data protection.

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed Preparation of Tissue Sections and Recognition of Tissues, and Introduction to Clinical Cytology and Histological Stains, Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Pathology before the course.

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student
- can apply her/his theoretical knowledge to duties in pathology laboratory.
- is able to prepare histological and cytological specimen preparations.
- can identify the results of the main histological stainings and normal findings of Pap smear.
- acts ethically and is able to assess the quality of her/his actions.
- participates in training as an active and responsible member in work community.
- can assess her/his professional development during training.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student
- can apply her/his theoretical knowledge to duties in pathology laboratory
- has an overall view on the activity of pathology laboratory
- is able to prepare histology and cytology specimen preparations under supervision
- can identify the results of the main histological stainings and normal findings of Pap smear
- acts ethically and assesses the quality of her/his action
- participates in the training as an active and responsible member of the work community
- can assess her/his professional development during training

Content (course unit)

Preparation of histology and cytology specimens on microscope slides.
Familiarisation with frozen section procedure.
Performing common stainings according to instructions and quality assurance of staining.
Findings of normal Pap smear.
Quality assurance, occupational safety and waste management in pathology laboratory.
Operating in a work community, interaction, ethicality, professional confidentiality and data protection.

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed Preparation of Tissue Sections and Recognition of Tissues, and Introduction to Clinical Cytology and Histological Stains, Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Pathology before the course.

Further information (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

The student
- can apply her/his theoretical knowledge to duties in pathology laboratory.
- is able to prepare histological and cytological specimen preparations.
- can identify the results of the main histological stainings and normal findings of Pap smear.
- acts ethically and is able to assess the quality of her/his actions.
- participates in training as an active and responsible member in work community.
- can assess her/his professional development during training.

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The student is able to
- perform independently the most common specimen collections
- record an ECG, evaluate the quality of recordings and select acceptable measurements
- know the basic use of information systems needed for work assignments
- take ergonomics and patient and occupational safety into account in their work
- guide the client in the preparation for sampling, in sample collection and in ECG recording
- recognize the special needs of clients and can take them into account and operate flexibly in customer service situations
- describe the most common laboratory and patient tests and their reference values
- ensure the correct handling, storage and transport of samples
- perform reliably various point of care tests and equipment maintenance
- implement quality management principles in preanalytics, ECG recordings and point of care analytics
- understand laboratory services as a part of health care system and patient care
- understand the importance of multiprofessional cooperation as part of the service chain
- operate as a member of the work community
- justify his/her actions

Content (course unit)

Collection of diverse samples, their handling, sorting, and transportation Use of information systems in sample collection process
Recording an ECG of an adult patient
Professional client service and communication Point of care testing
Laboratory operation process and its meaning in the health care system Multiprofessional cooperation
Work community skills

Completion of the course:
- setting the starting level and objectives
- participation in clinical training
- self-assessment and feedback discussion
- preparing a report / keeping a learning diary during training and participating in a feedback discussion

Prerequisites (course unit)

The student must have passed the courses Preanalytics and Sampling, First Aid, Nursing Skills and Patient Safety, Values and Ethics in Social and Health Care, Client Service and Guidance in Biomedical Laboratory Science, Examination of the Heart and Circulation and Point of Care Testing before this course of Basic Clinical Training in Preanalytics, POC Testing and Patient Examinations.

Further information (course unit)

Students prepare their own goals at the beginning of the period, which are discussed with the instructors and the supervising teacher.
The course consists of clinical training in a hospital, health centre or other applicable laboratory.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

-

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

Approved
The student is able to perform the most common specimen collections, patient examinations and point-of-care analytics after guidance almost independently, with sufficient quality and reliability. The student can use the basic information systems related to the tasks after guidance. The student is able to look after patient and occupational safety, aseptics and ergonomics. The student follows the principles of good client service. The student is able to guide clients and other health care professionals in the most common issues related to preanalytics, patient examinations and point-of-care analytics. The student demonstrates his/her willingness and ability to develop in his/her activities. Students are able to use the feedback they have received as a tool for professional growth and to evaluate their own activities realistically. The student is responsible and committed.

Assessment scale

Pass/Fail

Objectives (course unit)

Students
- know how the demand for laboratory tests is determined and is able to use nomenclature of laboratory tests
- know and understand the effects of preanalytical factors on laboratory results
- can guide clients and other health care professionals in issues concerning sampling
- manage equipment and basic techniques of blood sample collecting and immediate specimen handling
- can collect reliable blood samples aseptically
- know basics of collecting other common laboratory samples (for example urine, faeces, cervical smears)
- can take care of ergonomy, the patient's safety and occupational safety during the sample taking
- know the information systems related to the sampling process
- is able to assess and develop his / her skills as a sampler and develop sampling based on evidence

Content (course unit)

Need for laboratory tests
Laboratory test requests
Use of abbreviations for laboratory tests
Preanalytical factors and guidance in preparing for laboratory tests
Equipment for blood sample collection
Venepuncture by different methods and related complications
Skin puncture sampling and related complications
Urine, faecal and throat sample collection process
Cervical smear collection process
Information technology in sample taking process
Occupational and patient safety in sample collection process
General principles of sample handling, preservation and transportation
Postanalytics: general principles of evaluating and reporting laboratory results
Recommendations, directives and standards concerning sampling

Further information (course unit)

The course includes clinical training in the university of applied sciences' teaching laboratory
Execution requires participation in teaching unless you have received approval.
The completion of the course is a prerequisite for preanalytics, basic tests for guest tests and patient studies for participation in 7B00EG37.

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student
- is familiar with the essential equipment and techniques for sampling.
- is able to collect routine samples for clinical laboratory tests safely and aseptically and is familiar with the factors that need to be taken into consideration in the processing and shipping of samples.
- is able to evaluate the impact of the most important preanalytical factors on sampling and is familiar with the main points of the process.
- is able to describe factors that need to be taken into consideration in guidance.
- is familiar with the most important recommendations and standards for sampling and preanalytics and seeks to apply them in his/her work.
- is able to receive feedback, take responsibility for their own performance and work in a group.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student
- is able to collect high quality clinical laboratory samples safely and reliably in normal sampling situations and to attend to the processing and preservation of samples.
- is able to evaluate the effects of preanalytical factors on sampling and is familiar with the different stages of the process.
- understands preanalytical phenomena as well as the basics of guidance and is able to apply the information when guiding clients in matters related to sampling.
- is able to apply and compare recommendations and standards that guide preanalytics and sampling, and to develop his/her working practices
- is able to evaluate their own activities and take responsibility for their own performance and group activities.
- adheres to important laboratory practices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student
- is able to collect high quality clinical laboratory samples safely and reliably even in challenging situations by choosing the most appropriate procedure.
- is able to ensure the correct processing and shipping of samples and is able to justify their activities.
- is able to analyse and evaluate the effects of preanalytical factors on sampling and to understand in detail the different stages of the process.
- is able to provide guidance related to different laboratory tests and to take preanalytical factors into consideration.
- is able to analyse and apply recommendations and standards that guide preanalytics and sampling and to develop sample collection practices.
- is able to work in a constructive, flexible and committed way.
- is able to review and evaluate his/her own and the group's activities comprehensively.

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

-

Assessment scale

0-5

Objectives (course unit)

The Student:
- is able to ask relevant questions relating to sampling and examinations when conducting a patient interview
- can instruct various patients in most common patient situations and laboratory examinations
- can communicate in English as part of a multiprofessional care team in the typical duties of Biomedical Laboratory Scientists
- understands and utilizes articles and texts in the field of Biomedical Laboratory Science
- can further develop one’s English skills in the field of Biomedical Laboratory Science by fluently utilizing dictionaries and other language learning tools

Content (course unit)

Sampling situations
Instructing patients prior to sampling and examinations
Instructing patients during sampling and examinations
Relevant terminology in the field of Biomedical Laboratory Science
Research report
Medical terminology

Prerequisites (course unit)

Level: Upper Secondary School studies or equivalent skills
Common European Framework for Languages Level B2.1

Further information (course unit)

This course can be attended also by overseas exchange students.

Written exam
Oral presentation / performance
Submitted written assignments
Participation throughout the course
Independent study throughout the course
Self-assessment
Following the schedule and meeting the deadlines

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student
- can communicate in familiar, simple and routine situations in a manner that is mostly understandable
Guidance skills:
The student
- can provide patients/clients with simple oral and written instructions
- can ask patients/clients basic questions relevant to professional procedures (e.g. obtaining samples)
- can employ basic professional terminology as required by the situation (e.g. obtaining a consent, giving instructions, referring to further care) Professional data acquisition:
- can search for information in scientific publications and other professional sources but has problems in interpreting and utilizing it
- understands the main points in relatively easy biomedical laboratory science-related texts when consulting a dictionary
Linguistic skills:
- can communicate in English but has problems with grammar and style
- manages simple conversations provided that the other person talks slowly and clearly, and sometimes repeats the information
- responds to questions in discussions, but pauses, mistakes and reformulations occur
Additional information:
- understands the significance of knowing professional English, and works purposefully to gain linguistic competence in one’s special field
- is aware of some ways to further develop one’s professional language skills and language learning skills by utilizing different tools and strategies
- makes progress in the course, based on one’s individual level and linguistic needs

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

The student
- communicates clearly in multi-professional and multi-cultural interaction situations
Guidance skills:
The student
- can provide patients/clients with individual instructions in the most common patient guidance situations (e.g. MSU, ECG, blood tests)
- can successfully respond to the questions asked by patients/clients
- can employ relevant biomedical laboratory science terminology
Professional data acquisition:
The student
- can search information in scientific publications and other professional sources to promote one’s professional growth
- can critically assess the references
- can apply and utilize most of the information obtained
Linguistic skills:
The student
- almost invariably communicates fairly effortlessly, and in a way appropriate to the situation
- discusses field-specific topics fairly fluently
- responds to questions in discussions fairly successfully
- can pronounce fairly clearly and effortlessly
- employs grammatical structures fairly successfully, and self-corrects potential errors if causing misunderstandings
- can re-formulate one’s sentences if and when needed
- understands and employs field-specific terminology fairly accurately
- can utilize various resources and dictionaries
- expresses oneself and conveys the message to the reader/listener fairly idiomatically without misunderstandings (H4)
- conveys the information to the reader/listener understandably without misunderstandings, but somewhat non-idiomatically, at times with features from the mother tongue (H3)
Additional information:
- works in an active and self-directed manner to improve one’s special field English, based on one’s level, linguistic needs and personal interests

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

The student
- communicates successfully even in demanding multi-professional and multi-cultural interaction situations (e.g. potential extra-curricular activities, such as projects or international collaboration)
Guidance skills::
The student
- interviews and instructs patients/clients successfully and adapts to the interaction situation, also in challenging and unexpected situations
- employs specific terminology and field-specific concepts
- speaks fluently and idiomatically
Professional data acquisition:
The student
- can search for information in scientific publications and other professional sources, interprets it, and uses it with ease to promote one’s professional growth
- can critically assess the references
- can apply and utilize the information obtained
Linguistic skills:
The student
- communicates effortlessly, almost flawlessly, and in a way appropriate to the situation
- discusses field-specific topics fluently
- responds to questions in discussions appropriately and without delay
- can pronounce clearly and effortlessly
- employs grammatical structures almost flawlessly, and self-corrects potential errors
- re-formulates one’s sentences if and when needed
- understands and employs field-specific terminology accurately
- can utilize a vast variety of resources and dictionaries
- expresses oneself fluently and conveys the message to the reader/listener idiomatically without misunderstandings
Additional information:
- works in an active and self-directed manner to further improve and maintain one’s special field English, based on one’s level, linguistic needs and personal interests

Assessment criteria, pass/fail (course unit)

Reasons for failing the course:
Written / Oral exam is failed
- the student has considerable problems in linguistic structures and grammar
- the student’s biomedical laboratory science terminology is very limited, or almost non-existent
- the student fails to convey the relevant message across to a listener or a reader.
Negligence or delays in submitting the assignments.
Non-compliance with attendance requirements.

Location and time

Tamk

A+B
Wed 23 Aug 12.30-14.00 Orientation to the Course
Thu 24 Aug 10.15-11.45
Wed 30 Aug 12.30-14
Thu 31 Aug 13.30-15

Group A
Wed 6 Sept 12.30-14
Tu 12 Sept 10.15-11.45
Tu 19 Sept 14.15-15.45
Fri 22 Sept 10.15-11.45
Wed 27 Sept 8.30-10

Group B
Wed 6 Sept 10.15-11.45
Thu 14 Sept 10.15-11.45
Fri 22 Sept 12.30-14
Tue 26 Sept 14.15-15.45
Wed 27.Sept 12.30-14