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Building ConstructionLaajuus (4 cr)

Code: T300DJ10

Credits

4 op

Objectives

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Enrolment period

01.12.2024 - 20.01.2025

Timing

07.01.2025 - 30.04.2025

Credits

4 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Construction Engineering

Campus

TAMK Main Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Degree programmes
  • Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Teachers
  • Tytti Kaitala
Person in charge

Tytti Kaitala

Groups
  • 23I311

Objectives (course unit)

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content (course unit)

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Assessment scale

0-5

Enrolment period

01.12.2024 - 19.01.2025

Timing

07.01.2025 - 30.05.2025

Credits

4 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Construction Engineering

Campus

TAMK Main Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Degree programmes
  • Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Teachers
  • Henri Salonen
Person in charge

Henri Salonen

Groups
  • 23I341

Objectives (course unit)

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content (course unit)

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Assessment scale

0-5

Enrolment period

01.12.2024 - 19.01.2025

Timing

07.01.2025 - 30.05.2025

Credits

4 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Construction Engineering

Campus

TAMK Main Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Degree programmes
  • Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Teachers
  • Henri Salonen
Person in charge

Henri Salonen

Groups
  • 23I371

Objectives (course unit)

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content (course unit)

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Assessment scale

0-5

Enrolment period

01.12.2024 - 19.01.2025

Timing

01.01.2025 - 31.07.2025

Credits

4 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Construction Engineering

Campus

TAMK Main Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Degree programmes
  • Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Teachers
  • Henri Salonen
Person in charge

Henri Salonen

Groups
  • 23AI371

Objectives (course unit)

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content (course unit)

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Assessment scale

0-5

Enrolment period

01.12.2023 - 31.01.2024

Timing

16.01.2024 - 31.05.2024

Credits

4 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Construction Engineering

Campus

TAMK Main Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Degree programmes
  • Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Teachers
  • Henri Salonen
Person in charge

Henri Salonen

Groups
  • 22I311

Objectives (course unit)

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content (course unit)

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Assessment scale

0-5

Enrolment period

01.12.2023 - 31.01.2024

Timing

16.01.2024 - 31.05.2024

Credits

4 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Construction Engineering

Campus

TAMK Main Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Degree programmes
  • Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Teachers
  • Henri Salonen
Person in charge

Henri Salonen

Groups
  • 22I341

Objectives (course unit)

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content (course unit)

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Assessment scale

0-5

Enrolment period

01.12.2023 - 22.01.2024

Timing

01.01.2024 - 17.05.2024

Credits

4 op

Virtual portion

1 op

Mode of delivery

75 % Contact teaching, 25 % Online learning

Unit

Construction Engineering

Campus

TAMK Main Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

1 - 35

Degree programmes
  • Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Teachers
  • Pekka Väisälä
  • Henri Salonen
Person in charge

Henri Salonen

Groups
  • 22I371

Objectives (course unit)

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content (course unit)

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Assessment scale

0-5

Enrolment period

01.12.2022 - 22.01.2023

Timing

09.01.2023 - 31.05.2023

Credits

4 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Construction Engineering

Campus

TAMK Main Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Degree programmes
  • Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Teachers
  • Henri Salonen
Person in charge

Henri Salonen

Groups
  • 21I341

Objectives (course unit)

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content (course unit)

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Assessment scale

0-5

Enrolment period

01.12.2022 - 22.01.2023

Timing

09.01.2023 - 31.05.2023

Credits

4 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Construction Engineering

Campus

TAMK Main Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Degree programmes
  • Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Teachers
  • Henri Salonen
Person in charge

Henri Salonen

Groups
  • 21I371

Objectives (course unit)

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content (course unit)

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Assessment scale

0-5

Enrolment period

01.12.2022 - 22.01.2023

Timing

01.01.2023 - 28.04.2023

Credits

4 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Construction Engineering

Campus

TAMK Main Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Degree programmes
  • Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Teachers
  • Pekka Väisälä
Person in charge

Pekka Väisälä

Groups
  • 21I311

Objectives (course unit)

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content (course unit)

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Assessment scale

0-5

Enrolment period

01.12.2021 - 31.01.2022

Timing

13.01.2022 - 28.04.2022

Credits

4 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Construction Engineering

Campus

TAMK Main Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Degree programmes
  • Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Teachers
  • Ville-Pekka Lehtonen
Person in charge

Ville-Pekka Lehtonen

Groups
  • 20I371
  • 20I341A

Objectives (course unit)

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content (course unit)

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Assessment scale

0-5

Enrolment period

01.12.2021 - 17.01.2022

Timing

03.01.2022 - 31.07.2022

Credits

4 op

Mode of delivery

Contact teaching

Unit

Construction Engineering

Campus

TAMK Main Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Degree programmes
  • Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Teachers
  • Henri Salonen
Person in charge

Henri Salonen

Groups
  • 20I341

Objectives (course unit)

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content (course unit)

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Assessment scale

0-5

Enrolment period

01.12.2021 - 17.01.2022

Timing

01.01.2022 - 31.05.2022

Credits

4 op

Virtual portion

2 op

Mode of delivery

50 % Contact teaching, 50 % Online learning

Unit

Construction Engineering

Campus

TAMK Main Campus

Teaching languages
  • Finnish
Seats

0 - 40

Degree programmes
  • Degree Programme in Construction Engineering
Teachers
  • Pekka Väisälä
Person in charge

Pekka Väisälä

Groups
  • 20I311

Objectives (course unit)

The students learn foundation and measuring systems and the different parts of a buildings surface and supporting structures so that they can draw the basic structure types and simple joints. The course forms the basis for further study.

Content (course unit)

Finishing systems
• residential multi-storey buildings
• non-residential buildings
• industrial buildings
Buildings take into account both local construction and prefabricated construction.
Apartment buildings
• Underfloor: ground and ventilated
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, large wooden buildings.
• Floor Structures
• balconies
• stairs
Commercial and industrial buildings
• types and joints of the outer casing: concrete buildings, wooden buildings, etc.
Ceiling ceilings and traffic levels
• created inwardly drained structures
• Traffic ceilings
• green roofs
Air-raid shelters
Fire regulations and fire design P1 and P2 buildings
Wet rooms (if students do not have the course Surface treatment and cladding)
building Reports

Assessment criteria, satisfactory (1-2) (course unit)

The student is able to identify and define the basics of the course and solve simple questions
applications that are similar to the tasks being handled.

Assessment criteria, good (3-4) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student is able to choose the most suitable one by applying and comparing different options
policy and justify their choices.

Assessment criteria, excellent (5) (course unit)

In addition to the above, the student has a comprehensive understanding of the course topics and their use
problem solving; and the ability to present, analyze, and justify logically handled issues and methods of solution.

Assessment scale

0-5